The Design And Research Of Fire Protection For The Power And Lighting In Fire Fighting For High-rise Buildings

With the rapid development of economy in our country and the rapid increase ofpopulation, high-rise building is developing rapidly. High-rise building is widely used in areassuch as residential, office and its structure and function become more complex. In order tomeet the requirements of all sorts of use functions, the species and quantity of electricityequipments in building are increasing. In addition, carelessness comes from in the electricaldesigner, electrical construction personnel and user when they design, build and use electricalequipment. Therefore, it causes that the probability of electrical fire shows a rising trend eachyear, and has become a prominent issue in today’s society. According to the fire departmentstatistics, the number of electrical fire is accounted for about80%in the domestic large firecases every year, and becomes the first in all types of fires. Besides, the damage of high-risebuilding fire is great and the cause of the electrical fire is different.Therefore, the design andresearch of fire protection for the power and lighting in fire fighting for high-rise buildings isof great significance to prevent and reduce the happening of the high-rise building electricalfires and injuries.It takes a high-rise residential building as the research object in this paper and carries onthe design and research of fire protection for the power and lighting in fire fighting forhigh-rise buildings, the main content includes the following several aspects:1. The design of fire power：Once a fire occurs in a high-rise building, the fire-fightingfacilities equipped in the building have two important tasks, one is extinguishing the fire andthe other is guiding the evacuation of people from the fire room. The fire power is anindependent power supply to fire-fighting facilities. When there is a power failure caused bypower grid blackout or outbreak of fire, or just normal outage, the fire power will insure allkinds of those facilities operating reliably and controlling the fire efficiently. In that way, itcan protect assets and people. Therefore，selecting a proper fire power for a high-rise buildingis extremely important. While designing a fire power, the fire load should be analyzedaccording to Code for Fire Protection Design of High Civil Buildings and buildingclassification to define the load grade of the fire-fighting facilities and the power requirements,and then the type and mode of power supply can be determined. 2. The design of fire protection system power solution and system diagram in this project:Calculating the fire loads of this project bases on the statistical principle of fire load, whichcomes from Code for Fire Protection Design of High Civil Buildings and Code for ElectricalDesign of Civil Construction, then determining the fire power capacity bases on the fire loadstatistics. Determining the design of the power solutions and designing the fire power supplysystem diagram bases on the load grade of fire electrical equipment and power supplyrequirements, which come from the Code for Fire Protection Design of High Civil Buildingsand Code for Electrical Design of Civil Construction, and the actual situation of fire powerequipment in this project.3. The design of fireproof wire and cable: The wiring of wire and cable extends a widerange and a large amount of wire and cable are needed in the high-rise building. There aremany fire hazards which are induced by the wire and cable, so the probability of fire inducedby the wire and cable is high. Therefore, it is particularly important that how to choosefireproof cable of corresponding equipment, according to the selection principle of fireproofwire and cable which comes from Code for Fire Protection Design of High Civil Buildingsand Code for Electrical Design of Civil Construction, and the equipments fire protectionrequirements. This part discusses the following contents: the cause and risk of the fire inducedby wire and cable, the performance and selection of fireproof wire and cable, theclassification, types and selection principles of the wire and cable, the laying way and path ofwire and cable, the design of fire-resistant sealing for wire and cable and the incoming lineselection of some fire loads distribution boxes in this project.4. The selection of common low-voltage switch electric appliances: If the low-voltageswitch electric appliances is substandard in the design of constructional engineering, finally itleads to fires because of circuit with short circuit, overload, electric leakage and so on, andthen the low-voltage switch electric appliance does not disconnect the circuit and the fault isnot found timely. So it is significative to select low-voltage switch electric appliance correctlyso that it can disconnect the fault circuit effectively. In this way, it can protect assets andpeople. In this chapter, it mainly discusses the selection principle of low-voltage switchelectric appliance and special requirements of fire equipment in order to select thelow-voltage switch electric appliance for the fire circuit in this project correctly. 5. The design of the fire emergency lighting: The lighting is called the fire emergencylighting, which contributes to evacuation, assures security or continues to work when the firehappens. It can show out the position and direction, and guide the indoor personnel toevacuate safely, and guarantee the rooms that need to continue to work to work normally, sothe design of the fire emergency lighting is very important. It mainly discusses the function,classification and the power supply configuration of the fire emergency lighting and the notesof the lighting installation. The design of the fire emergency lighting in this project isproposed.