| Aircraft cabin emergency evacuation is the evacuation process of passengers in the cabin after the accident,which is an important factor to ensure passengers’ safety.To assess the new aircraft evacuation capability,the FAR 25.803(c)states that for an airplane carrying more than 44 passengers,it is required to demonstrate that the passengers and crew can be evacuated from aircraft to the ground under simulated emergency conditions within 90 seconds.Compliance with this rule is demonstrated by carrying out a full-scale evacuation demonstration.The certification trial spends too much time and money and participants are vulnerable to injury.In recent years,computer simulation has become an important method to study the emergency evacuation behavior under the cabin configuration.However,the micro-evacuation model is not perfect,and the actual data of evacuation behavior are not obtained.The verification problem of emergency evacuation simulation model has not been solved yet.This paper collects the data of evacuation behavior and validates the modified social force model through experiment and simulation,which can provide reference for emergency evacuation research and cabin layout design.In this paper,a group of emergency evacuation research experiments under two different evacuation motivation(i.e.,Cooperation and competition)and five different main aisle widths have been carried out in simulated aircraft cabin.By investigating and analyzing the experiments videos,the data were calculated,such as the individual evacuation time and the average evacuation rate.Meanwhile,the phenomena were found,such as "gender difference" and "pedestrian layers".In the competitive mode,the effect of the main aisle width on the evacuation efficiency is studied on the basis of the microscopic evacuation behavior characteristics.the total evacuation time has not changed greatly because of the self-organized behavior during the evacuation process.With the increase of width,the pedestrian evacuation efficiency has been improved after the two pedestrian layers appeared.However,the lateral obstruction of pedestrians has been greatly increased,resulting in the decrease of the overall velocity of two pedestrian layers.At the same time,through the observation of experiments,it is found that the evacuation group has repeatedly appeared dangerous critical state when the main aisle width is greater than 0.63 meters.These results provide the foundation forsimulation parameter calibration and model validation.By reviewing the development status and application trend of the social force model,considering the characteristics of the passengers’ emergency evacuation process of aircraft cabin,the simulation model of the emergency evacuation of the aircraft cabin based on the modified social force has been established.The psychological repulsive force of the obstacle has been modified,and the adjustment variables are introduced in the determination of the psychological repulsive force.After comparing the simulation and experiments results,it is found that the adjustment variable should be between 0.45 and 0.5.Considering the evacuation process,the adjustment variable is 0.454 and the simulation results are better;Then,the modified social force model has been validated.The evacuation experiment of the Transportation Development Center of Canada was simulated by using the relevant experimental data.Compared with the experimental results,it is found that the mean evacuation time obtained by simulation is in good agreement with the experimental results,and the applicability and rationality of the model are verified.What’s more,the experiment in this paper was simulated.Through analyzing the experimental data and the phenomenon,the validity of the model is verified.Finally,based on the modified simulation model,this paper conducts the study of parameter influence and predicts the total evacuation time of full-scale aircraft emergency evacuation demonstration.The results of the simulation under the different main aisle width show that the total evacuation time decreases with the increase of the width of the main aisle.The effect of the aisle width on the evacuation time is significant.Aiming at the cabin configuration with the maximum seating capacity,the simulation study of the same side exit configuration in the emergency evacuation airworthiness certification is carried out.Through the simulation results analysis,the evacuation time of full-scale emergency evacuation demonstration is given. |
