Simulation Research On Passenger Evacuation In Metro Station Based On Social Force Model

In recent years,the rapid development of China’s subway projects has greatly eased the pressure of traffic congestion in large and medium-sized cities,but its safety issues have also become increasingly prominent.Once subway equipment breakdowns,terrorist attacks and other emergencies occur,it can easily cause large-scale casualties,property losses,and have a negative social impact.However,as the public transport facilities,the metro could not conduct frequent large-scale evacuation drills for various types of emergencies.Therefore,to understand the evacuation mentality and behavioral characteristics of passengers in the event of a metro accident are the basic conditions not only for formulating a scientific and rigorous emergency evacuation plan,but for designing a reasonable and effective emergency evacuation training and drill.In addition,with the use of existing computer simulation technology to construct a scientific and reasonable metro emergency evacuation drill platform,we can explore the advantages and disadvantages of different evacuation strategies under different types of emergencies,and select appropriate emergency evacuation methods,so that we can ensure passengers could quickly evacuate to safe areas during the metro emergencies,and provide scientific and effective theoretical and technical support for subway emergency management personnel.Based on the data of the first phase project of the Tianjin Metro Line 10,this article reviews the scientific theory of human evacuation behavior and its research methods by consulting the literature at home and abroad,summarizes the existing personnel evacuation model and its improvement direction,and compares the applicability of different evacuation simulation software.A questionnaire survey was conducted on 224 students of the China University of Geosciences(Beijing)in the field of safety engineering and civil engineering.Information on relevant psychological behaviors was collected,and the statistical analysis function of SPSS 22.0 was used to determine the impact.The related factors of passengers’ evacuation mental and behavioral responses in the event of a metro accident include passengers’ sex,physical condition,frequency of flight,the escalator work status,and evacuation marker location.Using the AnyLogic software which is based on the social force model to simulate the evacuation process.Based on the physical model construction of the Jinmao Trade Park Station on Tianjin Metro Line 10,a logical mathematical model of the pedestrian evacuation behavior at the platform and station hall levels was established,through which we can observe the emergency evacuation process of passengers under the metro emergencies and analyze the evacuation effects of different evacuation strategies under different evacuation scenarios.After several sets of comparisons,it was found that the escalator which maintains normal ascent can save evacuation time and improve evacuation efficiency during the metro emergencies.By analyzing the changes in the number of evacuation passages,and the pedestrian density changes in the evacuation process,an optimization strategy for evacuation strategies based on density allocation is proposed.With Java programming,evacuation rules are optimized in the evacuation model.After the simulation,it is verified that the optimized evacuation plan can increase the evacuation efficiency by about 3.4%,and it is supposed to provide a scientific basis for the subway safety management personnel to formulate a more effective emergency evacuation plan.