Study On Charging Model Of Urban Road’s Traffic Congestion

With the acceleration of urbanization process and the rapid development of social economy in recent years,the problems of urban traffic congestion are getting more and more serious.This trend has brought a series of problems to the sustainable development of the urban.At the same time,along with the rapid rhythm of human lives,people are eager to shorten their time in transit.So how to improve the effective utilization rate of traffic resources has become an important key to solve the traffic problem.Under this background,people pay attention to the traffic congestion.Traffic congestion can change traveler’s choice of trip mode and trip route by means of price lever,and make the decision-making more rational.By guiding and regulating the taffic demand,traffic congestion pricing can raise the utilization of the road so as to ease traffic jam effectively.This article first introduces the background and significance of the research,and then presents development in this field at home and abroad.Secondly,analyzes the causes and negative effects of traffic congestion,and points out the necessity and feasibility of traffic congestion pricing.Then studies several theorys,among the most representative are Road optimal congestion pricing,Road suboptimal congestion pricing and Bottleneck road congestion pricing.In accordiance with user equilibrium assignment theory,constructs bi-level programming model which based on travelers’ characters.The upper level is to minimize the total travel time of users subjecting to the road saturation and fairness.While the lower level is user equilibrium assignment model,which has considered factors like travel time,toll rate and travel cost.Then designs genetic algorithm and average Polyak algorithm to solve the model.Finally,the congestion pricing model is analyzed and demonstrated through a simulated road network by MATLAB.The result showed that the model can relieve urban traffic congestion effectively.At the same time,the charging scheme will be accepted and recognized more widely while travelers’ characters are taken into account.In addition,the paper lists the difficult which may exist in implementation,and then propose solutions and responses simply.After all,both the shortcomings of this research and the future research direction are pointed out.