Study On Fire Risk Assessment Of University Based On Structure Entropy Method

With the growing number of students, the fire protection facilities construction and fire safety management reveal hysteresis, fire risks continue to increase. Frequent fire accidents in campus pose a severe challenge to campus public safety, and contribute to fire prevention and control become the focus of campus security management. To protect teachers and students, life and property safety, the fire safety risk assessment for various types of buildings in college should be made. And find out high fire risk regions, which will serve as the key areas of fire safety management, and to make some improvements to its fire prevention work.University buildings are divided into four categories(laboratory area, teaching building area, public area, dormitory area) in this article. A three-tier evaluation system for the four regions is constructed, in which building fire, automatic fire extinguishing system, fire hydrant system, smoke control system, automatic fire alarm systems and fire safety management are contained.The first level indicators of laboratory area include building characteristics, the experimenter quality, and laboratory management, the secondary indicators include indoor fuel distribution, fire and smoke partitions, the experimenter professional qualities and skills, regular fire safety checks and so on; The first level indicators of teaching building area include active fire protection, passive fire protection, security management, the secondary indicators include automatic fire extinguishing systems, fire control room, emergency lighting, fire district, staircases, safety evacuation and so on; The first level indicators of public area include fire protection, fire protection, fire safety management, the secondary indicators include general layout, electrical fire, water and fire hydrant system, automatic fire extinguishing system, fire education and training and so on; The first level indicators of dormitory area include staff characteristics, evacuation facilities, fire safety management, the secondary indicators include psychological decision making ability, personnel load, safety exits, evacuation corridors lights and so on.The first level indicators and secondary indicators weight is got from the importance ranking of experts, the third level indicators' scores are got from investigation.Structure entropy weight method is used to calculate the weight of the first level indicators and secondary indicators weight. Two scoring criterion are presented for third level indicators, which is absorbed from safety assessment method for classified grading.Structure entropy weight method is integrated into software, which is based on MATLAB and VB technology. The software reflects the entire assessment process intuitively and simply, also provides a guideline for the secondary development. Dormitory area is set as an example of calculation, which demonstrates how the software works. At last, four categories' fire risk results are listed, which indicate that the dormitory area and laboratory area are high fire risk areas, some suggestions are put forward for the fire safety management of four areas.