The Reconstruction And Simulation Analysis About Accident Of Vehicle-Pedestrian Collision

In recent years, with the rapid development of the infrastructure of road and the quick increase of the number of vehicle, a lot of convenience were brought to us by using vehicles, but the huge losses also were caused to people's life and property in road traffic accident. Pedestrian as the road vulnerable consumer in traffic has very high the rate of the death and severe damage. As a result, the traffic accident of the collision of vehicle with pedestrian is widely concerned. The traffic accident reconstruction of the collision of vehicle with pedestrian is the important way to the traffic accident judicial authentication, which is also the base of designing the passive safety of vehicles and protecting pedestrian. At present, the ways of the accident reconstruction of the collision of vehicle and pedestrian mainly include the simple model based on the mathematical analytical method, the method model based on the experience of the semi-analytical method model and the three-dimensional multi-body model based on PC-Crash and MADYMO simulation software and so on. And it is low cost, high accuracy and degree of visualization by using the three-dimensional multi-body model to make accident reconstruction.The paper mainly studied the ways of the traffic accident reconstruction of the collision of vehicle with pedestrian and the factors of the pedestrian throw distance, movement form and damage after the collision happened. According to the real accidents of the collision of pedestrian with vehicle and van from the National Automobile Accident In-depth Investigation System(NAIS), kinds of information were included in the data, such as kinds of traces(for example braking trace, damaged vehicle, pedestrian's injuries and throw distances), modeling characteristic parameters of the front of the vehicle and the anthropometry parameters and so on, the real accidents were studied to make accident reconstruction with three different investigative models of the accident reconstruction of the collision of vehicle with pedestrian, compared the collision speed and thrown from the calculation results, and the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of model were qualitatively assessed through the charts. According to the kinds of information including the finally stop position and things scattered of vehicle and pedestrian, deformation and braking track of the vehicle and so on, the dynamic response process and injuries of pedestrian were analyzed in detail based on the multi-body simulation software PC-Crash and MADYMO. Finally, respectively compared the finally stop position of vehicle and pedestrian, and the injuries of pedestrian from the results in the simulation with the scene of the accident and forensic report, and the feasibility and accuracy of collision model were verified.The car has a long head and the van has a flat head, the damage caused by these two models has their own characteristics. Therefore, the multi-body model conforms to the Chinese figure of vehicle had been established in view of the typical models of the collision of vehicle with pedestrian based on the multi-body simulation software MADYMO. Then, by setting the test conditions of simulation including the model, the speed, angle of the collision and gait and pace of pedestrian and so on to take bulk test of computer simulation using the control variable method, and discussing the various experimental factors on the collision of pedestrian throw distance, movement form and damage effects. The study found that models and speed of the vehicle has a great influence on both the throwing distance and damage of pedestrian;the collision angle has influence on the movement form of pedestrian after the collision, and a smaller effect on the cast from; Pedestrians gait for pedestrians all affect the thrown distance and damage; the pedestrians walking velocity has smaller influence on the thrown distance and damage. The simulation test results can provide theoretical basis and reference value for the accident reconstruction, the design about the passive safety of vehicle and the protection of pedestrian.