Management Mode Evaluation For Livestock Waste Resource Utilization

With the development of economy and agricultural industry structural adjustment,the structure and relationship of land use in rural areas have changed significantly.Among them,a serious problem that can not be ignored is that "out of touch" happens between planting and breeding industry,which causes the pollution of rural ecological environment.It is regarded as the most important agricultural "public hazard".Expanding scale of livestock and poultry breeding is an important factor in the aquaculture pollution generated,but fundamental reason lies in with the livestock and poultry breeding to large-scale,professional development,planting industry and breeding industry land use layout and relation are fragmented,and lack the necessary external(government)remedial measures.Small and decentralized farming with scattered layout and lack of stability to further increase the difficulty of resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste.In Taihu River Basin in Jiangsu province,by the end of 2011,the proportion of small-scale pig farms accounted for 31.5%of the scale of farming,the proportion of small farms as high as 86.2%.How to optimize the government management and re open farming land and farming land relationship,better promote the livestock and poultry waste resource utilization is one of an important public management problem faced by China's rural development.Among the existing domestic and international research about relationship and structure of land use,mainly exsits in the macro layout and counting planning and optimization of land use,and from how to choose the management model and appropriate policy design to reconstruct the relations between the farming and aquaculture,according to selection of management model and policy management tools,to solve environmental problems,which has few on such relevant research in the new situation.Meanwhile,the existing livestock waste pollution research mainly focus on the scale(Intensive)livestock pollution management,including the status of resource utilization,nutrient and potential energy,process exploration and technical evaluation,etc.In reality,many small and decentralized sewage treatment was becoming defective during the operation.The ability to adapt and pollution control effect is not ideal,and even become "the project in the sun".Due to the inadequate concern of the sustainable operation ability and pollution control effect,and the lack of the comparison and applied condition analysis of different resource management modes for different livestock and poultry wastes.Resource utilization of livestock and poultry waste is difficult to continue to run or spread because of poor management.In this context,to summarize and evaluate management experience timely,transform government functions from the management,select the appropriate management mode and matched the policy depending on the aspects of different regional land,economic development,environmental pollution,restore contact between planting and breeding.Fundamentally,propeling China's livestock manure management and promoting the sustainable development of agriculture is important.First of all,Effectiveness analysis,economic evaluation and applicability analysis is integrated to construct an evaluation framework for livestock waste management modes.Four typical cases of different livestock waste resource utilization management modes from Taihu Basin are employed to test the evaluation framework and methods.According to the analysis,livestock waste resource utilization management modes are summarized as four types including livestock farm oriented mode,organic fertilizer production factory oriented mode,plantation oriented mode,local government or public organic waste treatment center oriented mode,on the basis,Four typical cases of different livestock waste resource utilization management modes from Taihu Basin are employed to test the evaluation framework and methods.Through comparing and concluding different effects of different management modes,Provide reference for different regions in selecting and optimizing reasonably appropriate management modes to promote the pollution control and the sustainable development of Agriculture.It is found that traditional livestock farm oriented management mode is faced with low economic efficiency and poor sustainability when it applies to livestock waste resource utilization of small and decentralized livestock farm.Participation of disposal center for rural wastes,planting farms and organic fertilizer enterprises would improve the economic efficiency of resource utilization of waste from small and decentralized livestock farm.Planting farm oriented mode and organic fertilizer enterprise oriented mode have a wider range of applications in the case of considering effectiveness,efficiency and sustainability of management.We should combine and apply management modes flexibly,transform government management functions,coordinate and reconstruct relations between planting and breeding according to planting-raising situation,pollution governance needs,regional economic level and government financial capacity,to solve livestock and poultry waste pollution problem fundamentally.