| Due to a shortage of edible oil,the state is vigorously promoting the development of woody oil industy.Swida wilsoniana is a new kind of woody oil plants,with the characteristics of high quality,high yield,high comprehensive utilization value,fruit with high oil content,the oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids and beneficial trace elements,which edible value is high.Our country has approved swida wilsoniana fruit oil as the new food raw material in 2013.So far,researchers have finished a series of research from dwarf cultivation to yield increase.We also need to futher study the swida wilsoniana oil.The paper analysed the component of differert origin swida wilsoniana seed and differernt parts of fruit,studied the trace elements of swida wilsoniana oil,discussed the influence of different refining to the oil quality,trace elements and the oxidation stability,determined the best ratio of antioxidants,predict the shelf life.In order to provide technical support for swida wilsonianas' development.The paper studied the component of six differert provenances swida wilsoniana seeds.The content of crude fat,crude protein were 9.72%-12.16%,5.52%-6.72%,the sample rooms have significant difference(P<0.05),the content of crude fiber is higher,at 53.23%-56.90%,the content of misture,ash and total sugar in the swida wilsoniana seed were 8.66%-10.86%,4.53%-5.67% and 19.93%-22.41%.Oil content of swida wilsoniana fruit is 26.36%-29.16%,pulp's oil content is 41.54%-50.46%,which is higher than seed,and crude fiber,total sugar content is lower than seed,which are 4.21%-6.14%,6.18%-7.46%.The content of misture,ash and crude protein in different part of fruit is not big.There had 7 kinds of fatty acids in the swida wilsoniana seed oil.They were oleic acid,linoleic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid,?-linolenic acid,palmitoleic acid and mutmeg acid.The mian component is linoleic acid,which is 70.43%-71.38% and the unsaturated fatty acid is 90.25%-01.29%.The fruit oil of Changsha contains a small amount of arachidic acid.Oleic acid and linoleic acid in fruit oil are 33.43%-37.18%,39.23%-42.04% and the unsaturated fatty acid in fruit is 80.07%-81.02%.The unsaturated fatty acid in pulp is 76.16%-79.72%,slightly below the seed oil.The monounsaturated fatty acid is higher than polyunsaturated fatty acid in pulp oil.Seed oil instead.The Sn-2 position fatty acid of swida wilsoniana seed oil and pulp oil were analysised,the results showed that linoleic acid content is the highest in pulp oil Sn-2 position,is 56.24%,followed by oleic acid,is 29.10%.The content of oleic acid and linoleic acid in seed oil Sn-2 position is 44.87% and 44.86%,different parts of the two kinds of fatty acids are as high as 80%.The content of vitamin E in the swida wilsoniana seed oil is 228.95 mg/kg-463.52 mg/kg.The main component is(?+?)-TP(195.95 mg/kg-261.11 mg/kg),total sterol content in seed oil is 198.69 mg/100g-259.47 mg/100 g,the main component is sitosterol,accounted for 86.04%-90.27% of total sterol.The vitamin E in the all fruit oil is 566.1 mg/kg-612.5 mg/kg,and the content in the pulp oil is 605.56 mg/kg-687.51 mg/kg,the content of(?+?)-TP is the highest,and the content of pulp oil is higher than seed oil.Total sterol content in fruit oil is 198.10 mg/100g-269.08 mg/100 g,and the sitosterol content is highest,accounting for 57.40%-91.16%,sitosterol content in pulp oil is slightly lower than seed oil.The experiment had a refining process on the swida wilsoniana fruit oil,acid value reduced to 0.27 mgKOH/g,the peroxide value tendency for 2.57 mmol/kg,the misture is 0.04% and color is Y30 R1.9.After refined,the characteristics indexes of swida wilsoniana fruit oil have no obvious changes(iodine value,saponification value,refractive index,relative density and the composition of fatty acids).Vitamin E and sterols showed a trend of decrease in the refining process,vitamin E loss of 14.74% and the deodorization is the main loss stage,vitamin E decrease by 9.3%.?-TP and ?-TP reduce by 21.7% and 15.78% in the process of refining.Sterol decreased by 60.74% in the process of refining and deodorization phase loss is highest,at 28.18%,campesterol and sitosterol loss rate are 58.61% and 51.67%,stigmasterol and sitosteryl acetate are not detected after refining.There are 35 volatile substances in swida wilsoniana fruit oil,mainly for several kinds of substances,such as aldehyde ketones,alcohols,alkanes,aromatic hydrocarbons.The content of aldehydes ketones and alcohols is higher,at 69.34% and 23.79%.The content of aldehydes ketones slashed after refined and alcohols was not detected,the content of alkane and esters increased.After refined,swida wilsoniana fruit oil's young taste disappeared,aroma with grease.The induction time of wida wilsoniana fruit oil from different regions is 3.79 h-5.71 h,refining can reduce the oxidation stability of swida wilsoniana fruit oil,oxidetion induction time from 5.7 h(crude oil)reduce to 3.49 h(decoloring oil),after deodorization,the time increased to 3.73 h.Vitamin E,polyphenols and flavonoids have antioxidant properties,the strength of oxidation resistance is vitamin E> polyphenols>flavonoids.The best composite antioxidants is 0.015%TBHQ+0.005% VE+0.01%VC,oxidation induction time is 16.18 h,the shelf life is 10668.42 h under 20?,about 445 days,extend about 256 days than the blank group. |
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