| Human and eco-environmental are inextricably linked, to a certain extent, part of the human society production activities has a negative impact on the eco-environmental, and the deterioration of eco-environmental will hinder economic sustainable development. Currently, the sustainable development of the population, economy and environment has become the focus of the international community and the countries concerned, the eco-environmental has caused widespread concern of scholars. As the promotion of The Central Plains Urban Agglomeration strategy, and The Central Plains Economic Region as a national strategy, economic development and urbanization in Henan Province will rapidly increase.Currently, resources, environment and and socio-economic sustainable development in Henan Province requirements it must take the road of economic and eco-environmental coordinated development.Evaluation of eco-environmental quality, and monitoring the status and trends of eco-environmental in Henan Province, can provide basic support for solving ecological problems.With the land use data of 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2013, the study analysed the distribution, composition and dynamic change of ecosystem in Henan Province. The study took the “Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation” published by The State Environmental Protection Administration of China(SEPA) as reference, chose 1 km grid as evaluation unit, calculated the biological richness,vegetation coverage, water network denseness, land stress, pollution load and environment quality index, to assess eco-environmental quality in Henan Province. Analysed of the spatial distribution differences and time variation of eco-environmental quality and summarize the change of eco-environmental quality and its major ecological problems during 2000-2013 years in Henan Province according to the evaluation results.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Arable land is the major ecosystems in Henan Province, and it declined in recent yearsArable land is the major ecosystems in Henan Province, and the total proportion of arable land, forest land and construction land area is more than 90%. Arable land mainly in the North China Plain and the Nanyang Basin, and forest land mainly in western Henan hilly area, along the Taihang Mountains and south of Dabie and Tongbai Mountain region. Overall, arable land, grass land and unused land in adecreasing trend, and Construction land, Forest land, water increased in 2000-2013 years. In the past 13 years, the main feature is the arable land turn into construction land, and it’s the main reason that leading to area reduction of arable land and increase of construction land.(2)The main type of eco-environmental quality is fair, and other types are relatively lessThe eco-environmental quality is mainly fair in Henan Provinceduring 2000-2013 years, and its proportion is respectively 79.29%,77.25%,76.61%,76.53%in four distinct periods, and this region is mainly distributed in the North China Plain and the Nanyang Basin.The region what eco-environmental quality is poor or bad aligns with the distribution of construction land, and its proportion is respectively2.61%,3.20%,3.26%,4.02%. The region where the eco-environmental quality is excellent or good that is mainly distributed in the hilly area, and its proportion is respectively 18.10%,19.55%,20.13%,19.44% in four periods.The eco-environmental quality is medium in most of Henan Province, and its proportion is respectively 82.54%, 80.95%, 78.57%, 78.57% in four distinct periods, and the eco-environmental quality does not appear as excellent or bad,what eco-environmental quality is poor that ismainly distributed in the city area. Compare the grid scale with the county level scale we can find that the results of its evaluation results are basically consistent. But the county scale results failed to detect the area of eco-environmental quality excellent and bad or reflect the differences within county area.(3) The disparity of eco-environmental quality between the interannual is small, but it tends deteriorate and migrates from the Midwest to the south-east of the Henan Province.During 2000-2013, the eco-environmental quality change of Henan Province showed a unimodal distribution that no significant changes in the highest proportion, and followed by decreasing both sides,significantly turned better(worse) in the lowest percentage. Nearly 13 years, the eco-environmental quality of Henan Province changed little, showing the trends in opposite directions: on one hand, the poor eco-environmental quality showed a increase in the urban expansion area; on the other hand, the excellent or good eco-environmental quality also showed a increase trend in hilly area.The migration of eco-environmental quality in the spatial distribution changes with time, which deteriorates obviously during 2000-2005, and ameliorates during 2005-2010 in the western of Henan Province and Zhengzhou; improves in the central and southern of Henan Province and Xinxiang; whileexacerbates obviously during 2005-2010 in Eastern Henan and Zhumadian. During 2010-2013, Xinyang exits comparatively large proportion of slightly worse, other regions of Henan Province did not change apparently. Overall, the eco-environmental quality worsed in Henan province, but there was no significant change on the space.This investigation based on multi-source and multi-temporal data, 1km grid for the evaluation unit,evaluates the eco-environmental quality dynamically in Henan province, and analyzes the spatial and temporal variation characteristics. The methods of converting vector data to raster data without attribute information loss was adapted, while the water resources quantity, which is an average of the sum value were spatialized, and the evaluation index of each unit was calculated to improve the accuracy of evaluation. All of which can monitor the internal differences of eco-environmental quality in the administrative divisions.This research helps to grasp the eco-environmental quality differences in spatial and temporal distribution in Henan Province accurately, reveals the evolution of the eco-environmental quality trends and characteristics, and thereby promotes the sustainable development of economic social and eco-environmental in the concept of ecological civilization in Henan Province. |
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