| In recent years,a series of environmental problems,such as gl obal warming,glacier melting,biodiversity loss,serious water and s oil erosion and spread of desertification,have attracted much attenti on from the public.At the same time,The Global Risks Report 2020 of the World Economic Forum pointed out that the impact of e nvironmental threats is higher than that of economic threats,and th e top 5 of the global risk index are all environmental threats.The quality of space environment is the basic guarantee for the survival and development of human society.In karst mountain areas with f ragile ecological environment quality,the relationship between ecolo gical problems and human sustainable development is more promine nt.Therefore,how to express the status and development trend of e cological environment quality and explore the impact mechanism of natural factors and human activities on the environment are import ant links to balance the ecological environment and achieve sustaina ble development.Guizhou Province is located in the combination zo ne of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River Basin,which is an im portant ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the two rivers.It is also the central area of Karst in Southwest China.The Karst roc ky desertification is widely distributed there and the ecological envi ronment is extremely fragile.A slight change in the natural resourc es and living space provided by the fragile ecological environment i n the Karst mountainous area is enough to pose a serious threat to the ecological security and sustainable development of human bein gs in Guizhou and the whole southwest Karst mountainous area.Ba sed on remote sensing computing cloud platform and geographic inf ormation processing platform,this paper used remote sensing data a nd related spatial econometric analysis software as an auxiliary to o bjectively,quantitatively and rapidly achieve the visual representatio n of the ecological environment quality of Guizhou Province in 2000-2019,and analyzed the influence mechanism of interaction betwee n natural factors and human activities and other detection factors on the spatial-temporal differences of ecological environment quality,a nd then explored the suitable characteristics of the major detection f actors corresponding to the areas with better ecological environment quality.The research results help correctly understand and evaluate the evolution process of ecological environment in Guizhou Provin ce,and are expected to provide basic data support for the environm ental protection department’s ecological environment renovation.The results showed that:(1)The remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)can collect the information of each ecological factor,which is more representative of the ecological environment than the single ecological factor.The regression equation of RSEI shows that the regression coefficients of NDVI and WET are positive,which are positively correlated with RSEI,indicating that the increase of NDVI and WET is helpful to improve the quality of ecological environment;the coefficient of NDSI is negative,which is negatively correlated with RSEI,and the absolute value of the three regression coefficients is greater than other ecological factors,indicating that the surface exposure has a greater negative impact on the ecological environment;the heat factor The coefficient of sub LST is positive and negative,and the absolute value of coefficient is lower than other ecological factors,which confirms that there is a certain threshold value of the impact of surface temperature on the ecological environment,and the impact on the ecological environment is unstable.(2)The ecological environment quality of Guizhou Province showed a better trend from the middle to the north,east and south,while the ecological environment quality in the west was relatively poor,showing a spatial pattern of"Superior in the northeast and poor in the southwest".For example,the ecological environment level of Weining County in Bijie City and most areas of Liupanshui City was always lower than the overall level of the research area.Among them,the quality of ecological environment in 2000 was superior,and the total area of ecologically vulnerable areas,i.e.areas with RSEI level at relatively poor(0.2≤RSEI<0.4)and poor(0≤RSEI<0.2),was 7521.985km~2,accounting for 4.3%of Guizhou’s land area,mainly distributed in the north area of Liupanshui City and the west area of Bijie City.From 2000to 2010,the spatial pattern of ecological environment quality in Guizhou Province changed significantly.Compared with 2000,the areas with RSEI level at poor and relatively poor increased significantly in 2010,which were distributed in the west area of Bijie City,the northwest area of Anshun City,the southwest area of southwestern Guizhou and most area of Liupanshui City.The ecological environment from the middle to the north,east and south showed a downward trend within the research area.Compared with 2010,the ecological environment quality of the whole province showed a trend of gradually improving in 2019.The block like map spots of poor and relatively poor level in the western region changed to the level above medium(0.4≤RSEI<0.6),and in the eastern region,the ecological environment of Southeast Guizhou,Fanjing Mountain Area of Tongren City and Zunyi Area of Chishui City is the best.(3)In terms of single factor,elevation,relative humidity and average temperature had a greater impact on the quality of ecological environment in Guizhou.The q-value of explanatory power were 0.4927,0.4360 and 0.4158 in order.The order of the influence of each detection factor on RSEI was:elevation>relative humidity>average temperature>rainfall>lithology>soil type>sunshine hours>slope>nighttime light.The influence of detection factors on ecological environment was not relatively independent,nor a simple superposition process,but it was manifested as a significant nonlinear enhancement effect or a mutual enhancement effect of two factors,and compared with the single detection factor,the interaction between detection factors had a greater impact on the spatial differentiation of RSEI.The inter-annual variation of detection factors or the significant impact of other factors on the ecological environment could lead to the change of q-value,and the change of q-value had an indicative effect on the ecological environment protection. |
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