Study On Mammal Biodiversity Based On Camera-trap And Belt Transect Survey

Infrared camera-trap technology sampling nondestructively,the interference of it is little,able to obtain accurate information of the mammals in the field,is widely used the study of mammals diversity.we conducted a mammals study by combining infrared camera technology with belt transect method of Liangshui Nature Reserve and Fenglin Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang,and analyzed the difference of sampling time of different seasons from 2013 to 2016.The results followed:1.The result shown that the sampling time is,basing on need of camera trapping for mammal diversity survey,the longest in winter,followed by spring and summer.2.A result of ampling saturation was obtained for camera-trap technology and the transect survey in Liangshui Nature Reverse.We have obtained 566 independent mammal photographs,which included 12 species attributing 7 families of 4 orders,2 species was attributed 2 families of Artiodactyla,1 species attributed 1 family of Lagomorpha,4 species attributed 1 family of Carnivora and 5 species attributed 3 families of Rodentia.In addition to results obtained by camera trapping survey,a database of 10 species was collected by belt transect survey.These species was 10 species,comprising of 3 species attributed 2 families of Artiodactyla,1 species attributed 1 family of Lagomorpha,5 species attributed 1 family of Carnivora,1 species attributed 1 family of Rodentia,in as 5 families of 4 orders.However,699 independent mammal photographs were obtained by camera-trap survey in Fenglin Nature Reserve.10 species was in 6 families of 3 orders by individual identification.3 species was attributed 1 family of Carnivora,5 species attributed 3 families of Rodentia.8 species of mammal fauna were collected by line transect survey,these species was classed as 4 families of 4 orders.Of them,2 species were classed as 2 families of Artiodactyla,1 species attributed 1 family of Lagomorpha,3 species calssed 1 family of Carnivora,1 species belong to 1 family of Rodentia.In study area,we didn't found Leopard cat(Prionailurus bengalensis)and Original musk deer(Moschus moschiferus)by camera-trap survey,but collected by belt transect survey.Also,in Liangshui and Fengling Nature Reverse,we didn't found Badger(Meles meles)and Siberian chipmunk(Eutamias sibiricus)by belt transect survey in both of Liangshui and Fengling Nature Reverse.3.Mammal diversity was studied by camera-trap technology method over four seasons.The results shown that the value Shannon-Wiener was the highest in summer(HLiangshui=2.19,HFenglin=1.87).The value of mammals diversity was higher in Liangshui Nature Reverse than Fengling Nature Reverse,and the same conclusion confirmed by line transect survey.The mammal diversity from belt transect survey is higher than value obtained by camera-trap technology,but evenness index is not very different.Two nature reverses was higher similarity by camparing values of index(CScamera-trap=0.86,CSbelt transect survey=0.95).4.The seasonal differences of mammal abundance were studied by camera-trap survey.There was no significant difference in the effect of season on the abundance of mammals in the reverse(P> 0.05).From a single species: Siberian chipmunk(Eutamias sibiricus),Gray redbacked vole(Clethrionomys rufocanus),Apodemus agrarius(Apodemus peninsulae)and Ophiopogon japonicus(Apodemus agrarius Pallas)owned higher RAI in spring.The RAI of Badger in summer was higher than values spring and winter;The RAI of Squirrels(Sciurus vulgari)in winter was obviously higher than value of RAI of spring and summer.However,there was no significant seasonal difference for value of RAI in Roe deer(Capriolus pygargus).Obove all there was no significant differences(P>0.05)in Liangshui Nature Reserve.The RAI values of Roe deer and Northeast Rabbit(Lepus mandshuricus)in Liangshui Nature Reverse were obviously higher than value in Fenglin reverse,but the RAI value of Squirrels in Fenglin Nature Reverse was slightly higher than value obtained in Liangshui Nature Reverse.There was significant differences by two methous.The values of species richness indexes,besides of RAI value of Squirrels,obtained by belt transect survey are higher than value obtained by camera-trap technology.