Studies On Taxonomy And Flora Of Hepaticae And Anthocerotae In Wudalianchi Volcanos,Heilongjiang,China

Liverworts are the primary type of transition from aquatic plants to terrestrial plants,just like mosses with alternating generations.More than 3000 bryophytes specimens had been collected from Wudalianchi volcanoes.A total of 52 species and varieties in 26 genera and 16 families of liverworts were reported.Among them,51 species belonged to 25 genera in 15 families were Hepaticae,while 1specie,1genus in 1 family was Anthocerotae.1 genus and 11 species were new records in Heilongjiang province.In the course of the study,7 species which were identified wrong were corrected.In this paper,the families,genera and species composition of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae had been studied.We regarded the number of species more than 5 as the dominant families which were Lophoziaceae?Porellaceae?Frullaniaceae and Grimaldiaceae.The study found that the whole area of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae were rich in families and genera,then relatively poor in species number.Most species or genera were focused on few dominant families.Six types of bryoflora were recongnized in Wudalianchi volcanos.North Temperate was dominant(account for 55.77%),the second was East Asian elements(account for 25%).The result showed a conspicuous temperate trait and typical East Asian characteristic.Compared with other seven areas of China(included Changbai Mt.,Baishilazi Mt.,Guancen Mt.,Saihanwula Mt.,Qilaotu Mt.,Helan Mt.and Eastern Tianshan Mt.).The results showed that Hepaticae and Anthocerotae bryoflora of Wudalianchi volcanos was the closest to Qilaotu Mt.and the farthest from Guancen Mt..It was showed that the distribution of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae was the most on Longmen Mt.and the lest on Wohu Mt..According to the different last eruption date of the 14 volcanos,we divided the volcanos into five periods,and compared characteristics of dominant families in different periods.We found species distribution and habitat conditions are closely related.Taking vegetation composition,growth substratum and so on into account,we divided the habitat type into 7 types.We found the number of species in different habitats in arranged as follows:rock habitat>soil habitat>tree habitat>decaying habitat>swamp habitat= volcanic residue habitat>water habitat ·In this study,micro-photographic and species-identification of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae had been researched.Morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of all the species are detail described.Meanwhile,the illustrations are provided.The study increased the basic data of Heilongjiang or even northeast of China moss flora.