Study On The Landuse Change In Typical Coastal Regions

Abstract:Coastal landuse is a footprint of human exploitations of marine and coastal resources,which reflects the degree of that exploitation as well as the disturbance of coastal ecosystem by human activities.Studying the landuse change of coastal regions and its driving forces would investigate the influence of landuse change on coastal ecosystem,encourage people to make use of coastal land resources properly,urge people to protect coastal environment,and promote the sustainable development of marine environment.As the technologies of remote sensing(RS),geographic information system(GIS)and global positioning system(GPS)developed,they have been widely used in landuse research to describe the landuse condition faster and more accurately and study the driving forces.Surrounded by South China Sea(SCS),Hainan Island has a special geographic location and is famous for the tourism.Sanya and Boao are the two most typical coastal regions in that they are both developed due to the special geographic environments and rich resources,and the development impacts the coastal ecosystem.The development of Sanya and Boao directly influences the economic development,tourism income and international image of Hainan,and is tightly related to the environment of SCS and the sustainable development of the coastal regions in Hainan.There is a prime significance in studying the temporal and spatial features of the landuse change in Sanya and Boao and its driving mechanism.RS and GIS spatial analysis are the main methods in this study.I choose Sanya and Boao,the two typical coastal regions on Hainan Island,as the study area,and classify the RS images of Sanya in 1976,1996 and 2013,and Boao in 1993,2001 and 2009 to retrieve landuse data.Based on these data,I quantitatively analyze landuse change in the study area with landuse dynamic model and transfer matrix model,and qualitatively analyze the driving factors of the landuse change.Then the two developing modes of the two coastal regions and the reasons behind are compared.Finally the influences of coastal landuse change on the ecosystem are discussed.Main conclusions are as follows:(1)The land use in Sanya from 1976 to 1996 has changed greatly.Cultivated land has reduced drastically with the highest amount of change in all land use type,the rate of change is-926.17%.Uncultivated land ranked second with a changing amplitude of-231.47%.Construction land increased with highest rate of land use change,up to 2511.12%,showing extensive development.Garden land increase after the first decrease,change rate is 25.16%.Wood land almost unchanged and the water land reduced in a lesser extent.Construction land in Boao has increased clearly from 1993 to 2009,its change rate is 200.38%.Agricultural land and the uncultivated land reduce greatly,the rate of change is-20.23%and-96.59.Water land did not change significantly.(2)In Sanya,the changing speed of the construction land is the top among all the land types,with a dynamic rate of 63.49%.Following are cultivated land(-2.26%),uncultivated land(-1.70%),garden land(0.84%),waters(-0.29%)and the woodland(0.02%).In Boao,the land type with the fastest changing rate is construction land(dynamic rate of 10.02%),followed by uncultivated land(-9.66%),agricultural land(-2.02%)and waters land(0.65%).(3)The conversions between land types are significant.Cultivated land has the highest conversion rate of 64.08%in Sanya.It mainly converted to garden land,and then construction land.For Boao,the highest conversion rate occurs on agricultural land,which is 36.90%.It mainly converted to construction land.(4)Population,tourism,development of tropic agriculture and policy are the main driving factors of landuse change.For Sanya,the most important factor is ocean-related tourism,followed by the development of tropic agriculature.The dominant factor for Boao is policy.(5)As the two typical regional regions in Hainan Island,Sanya and Boao are developed because of their geographic advantages and rich resources.Sanya focuses its development on ocean-related tourism,whereas Boao mainly develops as a conference center.However,some of the unreasonable uses of land resources have broken the balance of land development,caused negative effects on coastal ecosystem,and damaged the sustainable development of coastal environment.