Study On The Lewis Mumford's Theory Of "Criticism Of Technocracy"

Inherited Heidegger, Marcuse, Habermas and Ellul's technology philosophy, Mumford puts forward his theory of "Criticism of Technocracy". it consider that, in the modern technocracy, technology has became the rule power of the human. Technical rationality guiding society principles, human organic, uniqueness and individuality are limited by technology. people are no longer the master of his own life, and became the slave of the technology. The invention and application of mechanical clocks begins the technocracy. On the one hand, the mechanical clocks have established the order of human society; On the other hand, the mechanical clocks make the machinery of human society. After that,The human was ruled by "technical Mega-machine", technology become the king of human. "Technical Mega-machine" has good influence and bad influence. The essence reason of technocracy is that the technology "container" replaced the core position of human body "container", and the superficial reason is single technology replaced the multivariate techniques.It is necessary to establish a kind of ideology of organic technology to eliminate the negative effect of technocracy, sets up the ideology of organic technology to achieve the synchronous development which around the body "container" as the core technology.The cole of Mumford's "Criticism of Technocracy" is "container". the "container" is also the cole of the development of human society and technical process. Human body was considered one of the most important "containers". His theory expresses attention to technical development in human nature, personality, unique characteristics.The limitations of "Criticism of Technocracy" are that, first of all, the criticism of technical rule object standard of inconsistency. He compared individuals with holistic technology, but the two things is belong to the different category that can't be compared. It exposed the logic limitations of his theory. Secondly, the criticism is too extreme to reject the great contribution of technology in human society. Finally, as the answer of the technocracy question, organic technology difficult to implement under the existing conditions. It makes whole Criticism anticlimactic, it is a unsuccessful solution.Mumford "Criticism of Technocracy" is very important to the development of technology of our country and the social sustainable. On the one hand, we should unswervingly to develop of science and technology, and to protrude the individual in the cole of the development of science and technology, and to balance the proportion of single technology and the multiple technology, to establish and perfect the technology evaluation system and constraint mechanism. On the other hand, the happening of the rule, beware of extreme technology trend, reasonable use of technology, to achieve ecological civilization environment and the common development of science and technology.