The Plant Diversity And Vegetation In Eastern Tianshan Mountains

We conducted field investigations in Eastern Tianshan Mountains during January 2015 to April 2016. Floristic composition, species richness, distribution of the family type, vegetation type, endemic species and rare and endangered plants were analyzed. The main results are as follows:(1) There are 975 species vascular plants belonging to 385 genera and 87 families(among them 12 species in 5 genera of 5 families belong to Pteridophytes, 11 species in 3genera of 11 families belong to Gymnosperms, 950 species in 376 genera of 79 families belong to Angiosperms) in Eastern Tianshan mountains.(2) The family is dominated by temperate type, followed by the Cosmopolitan. The temperate zone elements are higher which is except the cosmopolitan, It is up to 72.54%. The areal type of genera is also dominated by temperate type, it is account for 62.8% of excepting for Cosmopolitan. Areal types of families and Genera It is reflects that the distribution of plants are appropriate with the temperate continental arid climate by the areal type of family and genera.(3) There are 47 species in 34 genera of 16 families being endemic to China. Totally, rare and endangered wild plants are 50 species. Among them 9 species are included in the Red List of IUCN(2012), 5 species are included in the Convention on International Trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora(CITES,2010),7 species are included in list of national key protected wild plants(1999) and 37 species are included in the list of key protected wild plants in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region(2007).(4) Tianshan has complex topography, various soil types, climate vertical patterns, and various types of vegetations. Natural vegetation can be divided into 8 vegetation types, 71 formations. The base land of northern slope of Tianshan mountain is mountain meadow, and the southern slope of it is also lack of mountain meadow. The desert vegetation belt is the basic land of the mountain vegetation belts.