Study On Plant Diversity Of The National Forest Park Of The Yunmeng Mountains

Biodiversity, the foundation for the lasting existence of human beings and the constantsocial development, has a very important role and significance of the human and the wholeplanet. Therefore, biodiversity conservation has been a hot topic in the field of ecology.This paper chose the National Forest Park of the Yunmeng Mountains as research area, andvegetation species information and environmental data were collected from forty-two10×10plots. By using research methods of quantitative ecology, we try to analyze and discuss thevegetation diversity from the points of community diversity, species diversity and functionaldiversity in the Yunmeng Mountains.In order to investigate community diversity, we utilized TWINSPAN classification methodand DCA, CCA and DCCA ordination methods to analyze the types and species composition ofplant communities, and community distribution variation with environmental factors. The resultsshowed that42samples collected were divided into eight communities which could basicallyrepresent all the plant community types of the National Forest Park of the Yunmeng Mountains.CCA results showed that the sort of relevance between environmental factors and communitydistribution is: altitude> slope position> aspect> soil depth> slope> litter layer thickness.The Shannon-Wiener, Pielou, Simpson and Patrick four indices were selected toquantitatively calculate and analysis species diversity. With the help of regression analysis andcorrelation analysis, we also explored the response of species diversity to environmental factorsand and compared the evaluation capacity of the four species diversity indices. The study foundthat species diversity index value had great changes in the survey area, indicating that species diversity was abundant. Shannon-Wiener index was significantly correlated with the other threeindices at the0.01confidence level, so it could representatively reflect and evaluate speciesdiversity. Shannon-Wiener index value of Comm. II was the highest, while the value of Comm. Iwas the lowest among eight communities, which proved that Comm. II had the most-rich speciesdiversity, while Comm. I had the least abundant one. Among four species diversity indices, onlyPatrick index which represents species richness was significantly correlated with aspect, slopeand litter layer thickness.The study also selected FAD1, MFAD, FDp, FDc, FRic, Rao, FEve, FDiv and FDis nineindices to study functional diversity. We analyzed the variation of functional diversity and therelationship between functional diversity and species diversity, and we also discussed theresponse of functional diversity to environmental factors and the evaluation capacity of the nineindices. The study found that functional diversity values had great range of variation, indicatingthat the region not only had a wide range of species, but also had high functional heterogeneityof different species. There was significant correlation between each two indices of FAD1,FMAD, FDp, FDc these four functional diversity indices, indicating that they had similarevaluation capacity for the functional richness. The maximum and minimum of these four indexvalues corresponded to Comm. II and Comm. VI i.e. Comm. II had the most-rich functionalrichness, while Comm. VI had the lowest one. Among the three connotation of functionaldiversity, only functional richness was clearly and stably affected by species diversity, especiallyspecies richness. The response of functional diversity to environmental factors showed that thefunctional richness was decreased with slope value increase. And the thicker the litter layerthickness was, the lower the functional richness was. Therefore, these factors must be consideredfor effective management and protection of vegetation in the National Forest Park of theYunmeng Mountains.