| Based on the methods mainly including the literature reading, the combination of data collection and field research, the quantitative-qualitative analysis, and the integrade the theoretical research with empirical research, firstly, this article combs the basic concepts and literature about rural tourism, rural tourism attraction, and its classification and spatial structure; secondly, it collects and sorts out 320 rural tourism attractions in Hangzhou through the related website,and then builds up a new classification system; thirdly, the spatial distribution characteristics of rural tourism attractions in Hangzhou is analyzed, and this article sums up common characteristics of rural tourism attractions on spatial distribution through the horizontal comparison with Shanghai and Wuhan; finally, based on the situation in the study area and the influencing factors, it puts forward some ideas and measures to optimize the space layout.Draw the following conclusions:(1) Based on the definition of rural tourism attractions, considering the characteristics of rural tourism attractions, and continuing to use the classification methods in national standard, this paper builds the classification system of rural tourism attractions: 2 broad categories, 7 main class, 29 kinds of types and 87 kinds of basic types.(2) The nearest neighbor index of rural tourism attractions in Hangzhou is 1.08, and the geographic concentration index is 37.98%, which fully shows that in the spatial distribution, the rural tourism attractions in Hangzhou appear as Random distribution type dispersedly on the whole, and have the characteristic of tendency to centralization.(3) In the aspect of space distance characteristics, the rural tourism attractions in Hangzhou are mainly distributed in Recreational Belt around Metropolis in the suburb, which is away from the urban areas with distance between 10 and 80 kilometers, and between 80 and 150 kilometers; the number of rural tourism attractions in Hangzhou is concentrated in the distance of 40 and 70 kilometers from the urban areas.(4) From the perspective of balanced characteristics, the Gini coefficient is 0.8995 and the uneven index is 0.0628, which further verify unbalanced distribution characteristics in the study are; considering the scale index and dominance index in the seven counties, this artical argues that the rural tourism attractions in the areas like Yuhang District, Fuyang City, Tonglu County, are superior to other counties obviously.(5)By the means of the agglomeration characteristics, with kernel density analysis, it is found that Shuangxi Town in the middle of Yuhang District, Fuyang Town in Fuyang City and Xinanjiang Town in Jiande City tend to form its high-density agglomeration areas, and Liangchu Town in the west of Yuhang District, Suoqian Town in Xiaoshan District, Yaolin Town in Tonglu County and Qiandaohu Town in Chunan County tend to form the sub-center city of Hangzhou. Through buffer analysis, the distribution with high density along the river, is obvious, forming the apparent zonal distribution.(6)From the standpoint of relationship with space tourist market, the location entropy in semi-urban area is 1.06, and outer suburbs is 0.96, which suggest that semiurban area has relatively more attractions, and a high degree of development. But the numerical difference is not big, showing that the development degree of outer suburbs is gaining on the semi-urban area, with smaller and smaller difference. The coefficient of geographic association is 99.67%, which indicates that the cooperation between the number of rural tourism attractions in each district and county in Hangzhou and the geographical of the urban population is very well, and the market orientation according to the distribution of the urban population is very significant, for example, Linan City, Xiaoshan District, Yuhang District and Fuyang City are the most obvious.(7)From the point of the extension in spatial structure, the tightness index is 0.32, demonstrating that the close degree between the sample research is lower.(8) Through the horizontal comparison with Shanghai and Wuhan, this paper summarizes the common characteristics: the regional rural tourism development level is imbalance; the rural tourism spatial structure is in its early form; the spatial characteristics is the distribution pattern of "block", and the rural tourism attractions in the study area often form the space structure of "point- axis" type through tourist traffic lines and city nodes.(9)The spatial distribution of rural tourism attractions in Hangzhou is mainly influenced by physiographic condition(topographic feather, river system), location traffic factors(regional transportation convenience, the tourist market), social environmental factors(population distribution, economic development, industry environment, government policies), and the influence of the factors of resources endowment.(10) Combined with present problems in the spatial distribution, it puts forward the spatial layout optimization idea that is called the "two belts and three blocks ", as follows: firstly, optimize the spatial distribution in Hangzhou at macro level; secondly, integrate of the resources in research area, and carry on the major function localization to achieve functional complementation; finally, improve the tourism transportation, and realize the networking structure of space layout. |
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