Study On The Risk Of PPP Model In The Application Of Heat-supply Enterprise

PPP-China’s current and future trend, the national strategic cooperation model-the government and social capital cooperation model (Partnerships Public-Private, PPP). With the continuous reform in heat-supply market, the speed of heat-supply marketization is accelerating. With its own capital, technology and management advantages, the social capital, especially private capital, has joined the competition to seize this heat-supply livelihood cake. A large number of social capitals cooperate with local governments and authorities by PPP model, such as BOT, BOOT and M&A, to constantly develop the heat-supply market after its marketization. Through cooperation, on one hand, the government introduces the social capital, and on the other hand, the enterprise speeds up the process of public utilities, improves the average efficiency, quality and service of heat supply. In the construction process of heat-supply industry, the private capital is constantly changing image of the heat-supply industry through their own advantage and hard-work and getting corresponding benefits when investing. Problems in cooperation mode, risk management, distribution of interests and its management, such as weak public security, insufficient long-term investment, and low management level, influence the consumers of public interests in different degrees. Different risks and danger existing in cooperation project influence and restrict the bilateral long-term cooperation and the sustainable and stable development of the project.At present, there is few related research on application of PPP in domestic heat-supply industry. With the impact of great different conditions of heat-supply among each region, there is also little research and practical exploration on cooperation mode, risk management analysis and evaluation of PPP model applied in heat-supply industry.Firstly, the article summarizes the definition and development of PPP, discusses the theoretical background, the research on application of PPP in domestic and abroad, and the cooperation mode and operation procedure of domestic PPP. Through an actual case of heat-supply industry, the article analyses the current development of heat-supply industry in our country, explores and summarizes the problems and risks encountered in the actual operation. And compares three kinds of social capital of comparative analysis, in which private capital has a unique advantage in the heat-supply PPP project cooperation, also this research choose private capital to participate in an important factor of the heat-supply PPP project.Secondly, through the study on PPP, current situation of heat-supply, industry risk and the risk management of heat-supply industry, the article identifies and classifies the risk factors of heat-supply industry, designs and establishes the risk evaluation model and evaluation index system. Based on the opinions of experts, and by using the method level analysis, the article evaluates and analyses the risk factors, calculates the weights of major risk factors in the total risk and ranks the risk factors, which provides reference for the total risk management of private capital. By analyzing the risk, take corresponding measures to reduce risk to truly achieve the risk sharing, benefit sharing, and ensure the sustainable development of the project life cycle, and provide better services for the vast number of consumers in the public interest.In the end, the article takes the Caiyu heat-supply project in Beijing Daxing District as an example, introduces the model general situation of the project and cooperation model, evaluates and quantitatively analyses the project risk by combining the expert weights and analytic hierarchy process, sums up the 10 major risks impacting the project and risk reduction measures. The article provides reference for private capital participating in PPP project of heat-supply industry with the practical application and research of cooperation and risk management.