| COSCO (China Ocean Shipping (Group) Company) has been wore "* ST Ocean" hat for two years because of two years continuing loses. The company reported profit of 235 million yuan in 2013, but profit was also a flash in the pan. In the first half of 2014, the company had continued loss 2,277 million. Stock of NJTC (China Yangtze River Shipping Group Nanjing Oil Co., LTD) delisted in April 2014; and*ST Phoenix (A-share stock code 000520) also listed on the suspension. Ocean transport has entered the Great Depression after the financial crisis, and Chinese international shipping industry also have been facing the risk of bankruptcy of whole industry. In recent decades, the international shipping industry has achieves unprecedented development driven by economic globalization and the increasing frequency of international trade. International shipping is derived with the economic development of all countries, and in the service of international trade; it is affected by the cyclist of world economy and international financial crisis. Economic cycle includes recovery, expansion, fall, decline four stages, and the impact of economic up-and-downs on shipping mainly reflected in the directly influence, quick influence and deep influence. It can see that, when domestic enterprises have been continuing losses and Maersk and other shipping magnate in the world also achieved good performance. After comparing, three main factors influenced Chinese enterprises loss, these are the rapid growing transport capacity of ocean cargo to demand, the intensification of the contradiction between supply and demand, unoptimistic market situation. Furthermore, the aspect of risk management and control are worth thinking as well.Risk management has thrived in recent years. It is mainly to study the possibility of risk and how to conduct risk prevention. Facing with such a special and huge periodic systemic risk, international shipping enterprise would have to think how to do a good job on risk management, especially on non-systematic risk which can do a good job by itself.This paper takes international shipping enterprise as analyze objects, and start from the relevant concepts of risk and risk management. It expounds the concept of risk, risk management and the composition and function of enterprise risk management and from the multiple perspectives analyze the basic content of risk management (e.g. Risk identification, risk assessment, risk response, risk early warning). Based on the above content this paper put forward prevention strategy to deal with the risk. Aim at the characteristics of high input, high-risk, high-tech of ocean and cargo transportation business in China, a detailed identification of the risk of ocean cargo transportation business grow from the risk of systemic risk, financial risk, investment risk faced by the ship. Finally, based on the analysis of risk identification, this paper made empirical analysis for the risk assessment of ocean cargo transportation enterprise, and then proposed systemic risk, financial risk and the means to deal with ship investment risk.In theory, this paper can enrich ocean freight enterprise risk management research subject, and deepen the understanding of ocean freight enterprise about risk to strengthen early warning and risk control, and in order to further improve and develop the risk management theory. In a practical application, this paper can provide some useful ideas and methods for international shipping enterprise avoiding risk and control risk. Through the study of this paper, it put forward the imported position of risk management in international shipping enterprise, and provides the theoretical basis of risk management for them. Especially in enterprise financial which can be controlled by themselves and in investment risk management of the ship, this paper is been hoped that can provide some certain reference for exploring innovative international shipping enterprise risk management. |
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