Analysis On Livelihood Capital Of Minority Tourist Communities Residents

With the rapid development of the tourism industry, it has brought the great changes and a series of impact on social, economic, cultural development and other aspects of the impact in the ethnic minority area, which is characterized by its folk customs. Due the remoteness of its location, this area has a relatively backward economic development, this area has a backward economic development, the channels and information of communicating with outside world is blocked, and living level of the local residents in the ethnic minority areas is relatively low. Therefore, the local people have a relatively lower recognition and participation ability on tourism. They also lack the consciousness of improving the people’s living through developing their tourism industry.Tourism exploitation is an important approach to get rid of the poverty and improve the employment in the poor minority community. The livelihood is the most powerful tool on studying the pro-poor tourism and the related policies and the supporting effect on the poor population under vulnerable environment. This paper selects two typical tourism communities in the city of Kashgar in Xinjiang--- that is, the residents of Gaotai and the old city community, to carry out household interview and questionnaire survey. This paper tries to apply the sustainable livelihoods theory as the analytical framework, to study the residents’ Livelihood Strategy Selection in the ethnic tourism community of Kashgar, and we also reveal the relationship between livelihood assets and strategies of residents by the survey of local tourism community residents’ livelihood living level, with the purpose of putting forward some suggestions on the livelihood development and participation in tourism.This thesis is mainly divided into three parts. In the first part, it mainly makes an introduction and research summary. In the second part, it introduces an overview of the research subjects, and it also makes an empirical study of the livelihood capital and its related strategies on community residents into two parts: involved in tourism management family and uninvolved in tourism management family. Secondly, it analyzes the characteristics of the different type of family’s livelihood strategies.According to related literatures and the actual situation of the research regions, the paper builds 4 kinds of the quantitative evaluation system on livelihood capital, uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) to measure the weight of each capital, and existing livelihood capital index of the residents is also calculated out. The total index is reaching 1.36, which reflects that the community livelihood capital is relatively low and residents living environment is fragile in ethnic tourism community.In the third part, it reveals the relationship between the livelihood capital and the livelihood strategies, through qualitative and quantitative Logistic regression analysis. It also analyzes the reason of restricting residents to achieve sustainable livelihoods and put forward some advice for the living strategies through the improvement of the livelihood capital to participate in tourism. Through analyzing the relationship between the livelihood strategies and the livelihood capital, the result shows that:(1) through the qualitative analysis, tourism economic development environment, social culture, and community residents living environment factors have a significant impact on the livelihood strategy choices.(2) Through the quantitative analysis of residents living in the capital, we conclude that the people who participate in tourism as the main livelihood strategy choice have a great different degree of influence, which mainly has a great effect on human capital, physical capital, and financial capital.