The Research On Reform And Development Of Public Welfare State-owned Enterprises

After more than30years of reform, state-owned enterprises which hasexperienced the stage of decentralization and benefits, the stage of contractingmanagement, the preliminary construction stage of modern enterprise system and thestage of perfecting the modern enterprise system, made great achievements. At thesame time because the state-owned enterprise classification is not clear and thestate-owned enterprise have indistinct definition function between enterprises,which,to a large extent, hindered the reform of state-owned enterprises continue torun smoothly. Reform has come to a critical year, only to define different functions ofstate-owned enterprises and classification reform, can effectively achieve thedeepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. As the most reflection the nature ofstate-owned enterprises, public welfare state-owned enterprises have importantresearch value. The analysis and research object of the article is based on thefundamental theory of existence, the present situation, the problems of public welfareof state-owned enterprises, in order to give some enlightenment to public welfarereform of state-owned enterprises.First of all, the article analyses inevitability to carry on of public welfarestate-owned enterprise in the theoretical point, which generally contains two aspects.On the one hand, based on the existing classification criteria of state-ownedenterprises, the article combines the actual conditions of state-owned enterprises. Adefinition standard of state-owned enterprises is given in this paper. The state-ownedenterprises are firstly divided into the non-public welfare state-owned enterprises andthe public welfare state-owned enterprises, and more specific to the public welfare ofstate-owned enterprises and non-public welfare of state-owned enterprises in thesegment. Non-public state-owned enterprises have main characteristics of the reflected in the provision of public goods, public service, mainly exist in the field ofpublic utilities, infrastructure construction and social undertakings, concerning thepeople’s daily life. On the other hand, the article concretely analyses inevitability tocarry on of public welfare state-owned enterprise in the theoretical point. Because theindustry, in which public state-owned enterprises operate, has natural monopolycharacteristics, provides public products and public services, has strong positiveexternalities and market information asymmetry, which makes private capital moredifficult or unwilling to enter the field. However, these areas are closely related tonational economy and the people’s livelihood. The government must makecontribution to make up for market failure. Secondly, the outcome of the publicwelfare reform of state-owned enterprises has begun to appear, but there are stillmany segments, which can be improved. Public welfare state-owned enterprises havegreatly improved efficiency, provided a large amount of public goods, andpreliminarily established relatively perfect corporate governance structure. At thesame time, taking advantage of information superiority, the provision of products withpositive externalities leading to supply shortages, the characteristics of naturalmonopoly influencing the operational efficiency of enterprises, the industry of a highsunk cost making difficulties of enterprises exiting and the phenomenon of poorgovernment supervision and restraint mechanism still hinder the healthy developmentof state-owned enterprises. Finally, in view of the present problems of public welfarestate-owned enterprises, the article puts forward some reform and developmentsuggestions, including: on the basis of accurate definition of public welfare ofstate-owned enterprise, the enterprise to perfect corporate governance structure, toimplement of effective performance evaluation system, the government to increasefiscal input, to strengthen the supervision of the government and the market to clearproperty rights, to bring in appropriate competition etc.Through the definition and analysis of public welfare of state-owned enterprise,the article interprets the particularity of its function positioning, points out its gravityof development situation, clarifies its reform goals of public welfare, to improve theoperational efficiency of state-owned capital and to deepen reform of public welfare state-owned enterprises.