The Moderation Of Urban Built-Up Area Expansion And The Influence Analysis Of Land Finance

In recent years, under the background of advocating the increase of urbanization rate, many local governments carried out the "enclosure movement" on the edge of original city district. The phenomenon of farmland being converted into nonagricultural land is widespread in nearby suburbs. Urban built-up area increased obviously. Many cities have their own "Economic and Technological Development Zone" and "College Town". However, urban expansion was done by the initiative of the administrative power of government in China. New districts in many cities did not attract a corresponding number of residents. The population density in the whole city decreased. The land-use efficiency of new districts is low. Media began to report "ghost town" in 2010, which made the idle condition of cities’new districts get wide concerns in the society. Therefore, the moderation of urban expansion has become a new concerned research topic.This article uses the evaluation method of American smart growth policies for reference, and discusses the moderation of urban expansion in 280 cities in China. Firstly, using the statistics, this paper analyses the whole expansion trend of cities in China in recent years. Cities are divided into groups according to the population density in the built-up area. Using the method of panel data regression analysis, the thesis discusses whether our country’s urban expansion is appropriate or not from the three aspects of employment, wages and consumption. Secondly, from the angle of public financial system, the paper analyses the incentive effect which land finance has on urban built-up area expansion. Using the statistics, the development trend of land finance and the relationship between land finance and urban expansion are analysed. Using the method of panel data regression analysis, the impulsive effect which land finance has on urban built-up area expansion is verified. Finally, the famous "ghost towns" based on the media are regarded as cases, and a number of indicators are used to study their expansion situations and land finance scales.Through the analysis of this thesis, we can draw the following conclusions. The urban population growth has lagged behind the area expansion in most cities in China. Urban expansion cannot promote employment growth obviously. The phenomenon of urban excessive expansion is widespread, and the famous "ghost towns" based on the media are representatives. Under the existing system in China, it is the fiscal deficit that stimulates the local government to increase revenue through the sale of land. The increase of the dimension of land-sale gives rise to the expansion of urban built-up area. Thus, the urban built-up area expansion in China is the incentive result of land finance to a large extent. Accordingly, each city should actively prevent and control the adverse effects which the excessive urban built-up area expansion caused by land finance has on the economic development. This thesis gives some policy suggestions, including reforming the fiscal distribution mechanism between central government and local government, improving the official performance evaluation system, improving the institutional restraint of urban construction plan and establishing the performance evaluation indicators on the expansion efficiency of urban built-up area.