Research On Spatio-temporal Characteristics And Layout Optimization Of Rural Residential Area In Weibei Dry Highland

As the performance core of man-land relationship in rural area, the change of land use for rural residency and the driving forces is an important subject of LUCC, and its layout optimization has become an important content of land science. Chengcheng county as study area in the Weibei Dry Highland, based on land use database of Chengcheng county, land use change survey datasets of Shaanxi province, social and economic statistical data of Chengcheng county, and the methods such as literature analysis combined with empirical research, the combination of GIS technique and mathematical statistics was applied to analyze changes in the characteristics and the driving mechanism of rural residential area, and to quantitatively study the layout optimization of rural residential area.(1) The temporal characteristics of the change of rural residential area in Chengcheng was revealed through using the dynamic mode and markov matrix model. Results showed that rural residential area in Chengcheng presented a declining trend in a whole. Three phases could be classified according to the rates of change, which were ’V’, ’declined in fluctuation’, ’V’ and ’accelerated decline’. And the rates of change of the rural residential area were highest in Chengguan while lowest in Zhuangtou. Transfer process of the rural residential area was also analyzed by using Markov matrix model. Results revealed that the conversion was frequent between rural residential area and arable land, as well as grassland and garden plots, and change was most violent in Fengyuan.(2) The spatial characteristics the change of rural residential area in Chengcheng was analyzed through comparative analysis between the year 1998 and 2012. The change of distribution of rural residential area was explored quantitatively by using Ripley’s K function. Results revealed that distribution of the rural residential area was more concentrated in a small spatial scale in 2012. However, in a large spatial scale, it was more even. The Kernel density estimation method was applied to explore spatial characteristics of density change of rural residential area. Results showed that rural residential density was apparently higher in 2012 compared with the year 1998. And the spatial pattern has transformed from ’multi-core’ to ’single-core and two poles’ in general.(3) The macro and micro driving forces of change of rural residential area were analyzed. The conclusion was reached by establishing the multiple linear regression model, the social and economic factors such as revenue, output value of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, non-agricultural population, the total power output of farm machinery, grain output, were the major driving factors of change of rural residential areas at the macroscopic level. And then from microscopic views, multiple Logistic regression model was designed to find that the spatial change of rural residential area was most closely related with elevation, slope, aspect (sunny aspect), distance from center of county and distance from center of town.(4) The locational advantages and disadvantages of rural residential area were evaluated based on the analysis of micro driving forces and location evaluation indexes, find that locational conditions of rural residential area in Chengcheng was well as a whole, the central region was better than the east and west, and the south was better than the north from the angle of spaceexisted. With the help of the extended break point model of weighted Voronoi diagram and the actual conditions of Chengcheng, local urbanization type, key development type, restricted expansion type and combined migration type for layout optimization of rural residential area were raised.The study, combined with some macro-scale and micro-scale to reveal the driving forces of the change of rural residential area, and the whereabouts of different development levels of rural residential area is quantitatively analyzed, which provide references for rural residential area to tap potentialities and plan rationally in Chengcheng county.