The Research Of The Local People’s Financial Supervision System

The public finance in China,from concept to institutional practice,contains a process of "transplantation". From the point of view of accomplishing public finance’s four purposes in value,that is, to embody publicity,to guarantee equity,to carry out public welfare and to practise legality,it will be a long and arduous process to build up public finance system in China. Meanwhile, to guarantee the standardization and correctness of the public finance’s functioning process, effective supervision and control is quite important. Just as the system of People’s Congress itself,its financial supervision, namely, the financial supervision of the People’s Congress and its standing committee at different levels is also the product of system transplantation. To accomplish the effectiveness of the supervision of the People’s Congress under the framework of the public finance not only depends on the improvement of the financial supervision system of the People’s Congress, but also depends on the improvement of the whole system of the People’s Congress and standardization&systemization of the relationship between the People’s Congress and the governing party as well as the government. Compared with the whole system, the financial supervision of the People’s Congress is a partial system. Although its functioning effectiveness is affected and influenced by the structure and regulation of the whole system, it doesn’t mean that the change of partial system cann’t exert influence on the whole system. In this respect, the effort of the partial system’s operator is very important. Under the political endorsing of the governing party,from the point of view to lay a solid foundation for the governing party and to consolidate its position,there is no shortcut for the People’s Congress to accomplish the effectiveness of the supervision on public finance and the way of gradual reform is a pragmatic choice. Based on the above understanding, it becomes the best choice for improving the effectiveness of the financial supervision of People’s Congress to enhance the transparency of public finance by carrying out "sunshine finance" and meanwhile, to enhance the rigidity of the budget’s administration by carrying out democratic budget. The real and effective financial democracy doesn’t depend on the financial supervision of "participation of all people". Instead,it changes the financial supervision of the representative institution into a real political democratic system.Adhering to the theoretical logic to accomplish financial democracy under the constitutional government, this paper puts forward two assumptions:Firstly,only within the framework of political democracy can representative financial democracy become more valuable and effective. If the political democracy is not sufficient,the effectiveness of the representative institution’s financial supervision is actually very limited. Secondly,the effectiveness of the representative institution’s financial supervision also relies on the maturity of systematic technique, including the structure of the political power, the operating system of supervising power,logicat procedure and effective organization.Centering on the two assumptions above, this paper tries to expound the following point of views. Firstly,it may be the first choice to accomplish "sunshine finance" for the People’s Congress to carry out supervision on public finance, but its significance should not be limited in the narrow scope of financial democratization. Secondly, financial supervision carried out by the People’s Congress is the most direct and effective way to control the administrative power and the strengthening of the authority and function of the People’s Congress firstly relies on the effectiveness of financial supervision. Thirdly,in the condition that the political democracy and systematic design are not complete, partial and tectnical compromising reform on the mode of financial supervision is still a part of democratic practice and is valuable as well.