Study On Current Situation And Countermeasures Of Safety Application Of Pesticides In Xi’an Area

The secure applications of pesticide has important relations on agricultural production,safety of agricultural products, health of human, environment and biology, as well assustainable development of agriculture. The main challenges for using pesticides safely areshown in3aspects:1There are the conflicts between the industrial structure adjustment,changes in cropping patterns and the concept of farmers to use pesticides and methods;2Thetraditional concept of IPM is behind the times;3The expect of pesticide operators andfarmers have conflict with the environment. To solve those problems, the study referred fluentdata and materials and deeply discussed the actuality and the impact factors of the safeapplication of pesticides in Xi’an area in the way of interviewing with the experts andpeasants, investigating through questionnaires. The results are showed as follows:The safety application of pesticides in Xi’an area had been spread out. For example, thepropagation and instruction of safe technique for pesticides were reinforced, some plans andmethods of operation were worked out, model regions were set up. Therefore, some goodresults have been achieved.There are three main shortcomings in the safe application of pesticides.1. Industrialstructure adjusted and planting mode changed, but the concept and method using pesticides infarmers are been not changed. Basically, administration is not scientific, which resulted tohidden danger; Protective is not standard, and there is a lack of attention or even give upprotection; Custody was inappropriate and not tight; There is an increasing trend ofphytotoxicity and contact phytotoxicity year by year; Management personnel service qualityis generally low; Pesticide business premises and business behavior is not standard, etc.2. IPM couldn’t keep up with the development of the times. It mainly displays as: thelack of the concept of whole eco-system, prevention of the guidelines and safety, economyand convenient principle; The agriculture and biology, physics, chemical method, and othereffective ecological means are not used specify and rationally when controlling harmfulorganisms, but blindly using pesticides when pest occurs, advocates completely destroyharmful organisms; Organization pesticide training and learning are not enough; The spraying equipment and spraying technology are still lag behind. Farmers fields to improve on throughthe enthusiasm of household income is not high, therefore, most farmers about agricultureproduction, leading to the level of safe use of pesticides farmers generally is not high, theprevention measures lag behind.3. Pesticide operator’s desire and farmer’s wishes still has prominent contradiction withthe environment. Basically, environment friendly pesticide are not salable, driven by theinterests, the pesticide operators often sell the non-low-toxic, low residue of potions, in orderto get bigger profit; In the control process, farmers like to use rapid pesticide, they often buypesticides which have quick, strong results, but large residual. In the aspect of pesticidemanagement, the labels exist problems,According to the actual production of Xi’an, referred the abroad advanced experience,and then proposed resolution and countermeasure. At first, reinforcing the standardadministration of pesticides brand and market; secondly, enhancing propaganda andadministration in order to increase the consciousness of using pesticides safely; Thirdly,increasing the efficiency of the propagandizing and training system of pesticides safeapplication and the technical level of peasants; Fourthly, agricultural extension system, thesafety of agricultural products standard system and market access system must be establishedand improved. These results will be references for relative functional organization and guidethe safe application of pesticides in Xi’an area.