Analysis Of The Effects Of Tourism Service Trade On Employment In China

Since the reform and opening up, China’s tourism service trade has beendeveloped rapidly, and has become the most important part of China’s internationaltrade in services. But in recent years, tourism services trade, as an important part ofthe services trade, become big deficit in foreign exchange. The number of theemployed population in China grows very slow in recent years, the growth ratebecome smaller year by year. This article aims to analyze the effects of tourismservice trade on employment of China.Laying the theoretical foundation for the employment effects of tourism servicestrade by collating and studying the traditional trade theory, and built the model on theemployment impact of tourism service trade by using the traditional theories ofinternational economics. After the mechanism analyzing of tourism service tradeimport and export, the employees’ salary and business volume of the tourism-relatedindustries for the employment population, in the analysis found that on the one handtravel services exports increased domestic consumption demand for directconsumption by inbound tourism, thereby increasing employment, on the other handincreased the national first off investment industry, expand the industrial development,but also increased employment. Tourism service trade import substitution effect ondomestic tourism in the short term have a negative effect on employment, butemployment in the long term beneficial.China’s employment situation and the development of tourism service tradeconditions were analyzed. China’s tourism services that trade on China’s employmentgrowth has some leading role, while slowing of employment growth in recent years also played a role.Using the consumer price index for1997to2012, imports of travel services trade,exports, wages, the number of the employed population and tourism value as theoriginal data, and used1978as the base period wages of labor deflated to removal ofprice index of the data, get the real wages of the working population actuallyachieved.Using multiple linear regression and error correction model for the relationshipbetween China’s tourism service trade between China’s employment and empiricalanalysis concludes: Long-term, the exports and imports of tourism services tradeincreased by one percentage point each, respectively, will bring me over the employedpopulation0.150557and0.104246percentage points of growth, both of which arepositive role in promoting; short term, tourism service trade of China’s imports andexports of small employment effects were0.034808and-0.005803. Import trade intourism services from the positive effects of employment, tourism services exportsplay a negative effect on employment in China, indicating that the impact of trade onChina’s employment of tourism services in the short term is very unstable. Meanwhile,the results of Granger causality test reveals the import and export trade in tourismservices are to some extent constitute a reason for our working population resides.Finally, this paper offer policy recommendations from the government level,industry level and enterprise level to develop tourism service trade and promote jobgrowth: the government level to encourage tourism services exports, tourism servicetrade import restrictions, to encourage the development of tourism-related industries,improve the quality of tourism services employed population, to develop tourismexhibition; industry level, improve tourism service chain construction, buildinginbound tourist service industry, strengthen the tourism product development;enterprise level, providing travel services with international specialties, improve employment mechanism, and actively strengthen cooperation with relevantcompanies.