A Configurable Architecture For Backscatter Wireless Sensor Networks

Communication plays a significant role in facilitating human society in civilization, progress and development, which is based on information exchanges. Amid the rapid development of the Internet of Things, more attention is paid to the wireless sensor network(WSN). The reason why the wireless sensor network gains widely application is that its cost and consumption is low, which is also the important direction of the research. Using the principle of the backscatter communication will greatly reduce the cost and power consumption of wireless communication system. Scholars from the University of Washington researched the wireless identification and sensing platform(WISP) wireless smart sensor system which can harvest RF energy based on backscatter communication. Hence, the feasibility of the design of the structure for backscatter wireless sensor network(BWSN) based on software defined radio(SDR), laboratory virtual instrumentation engineering workbench(LabWIEW) and universal software radio peripheral(USRP) is the key problem to work out here.Therefore the innovation about applying backscatter technology to wireless sensor network and realizing by the platform of LabVIEW and USRP with the fundamental of backscatter and WSN has been introduced in this paper. This paper designs a simple and configurable prototype for BWSN which can apply to the multi-sensor environment with low power, focuses on the theoretical analysis and simulation of the transceiver of homodyne receiving and sensor nodes, draws up block and front panel diagrams of RF carrier, transceiver and sensor nodes, and then implements the alignment.It can reduce the power consumption of system efficiently through harvesting wireless RF energy and waking sensor nodes. The frequency division multiple access method with configurable sub-carrier is proposed, and the constraint conditions of sensing data pulse period for avoiding collision among sensors are presented and proved in this paper. The performance of the prototype is analyzed, and the closed-form solution of the probability of outage under the log-normal channel is also given and proved. Finally, the experiment and simulation show the SDR prototype is effective and feasible. The error vector magnitude(EVM) value is less than 2.8%, and the probability of outage error between numerical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation is less than 1.86%.