Research And Improved On Geographical And Energy Aware Routing In WSN

The limited energy of nodes, reducing the whole network energy consumption and prolonging the network life cycle are the key research questions of wireless sensor networks(WSN).The routing protocols in WSN always led to network failure because of the nodes’ energy depletion, hence, the article’s purpose is studying how to reduce network energy consumption and prolong the network life cycle. Geographic and energy aware routing protocol(GEAR)is an important protocol in WSN. As the GEAR is absence of enough topology knowledge and the nodes energy is limited, routing void and routing loop will be arisen. This paper presents two improved routing protocols based on GEAR, SGEAR is suitable for the specific scenarios of small network, and modified GEAR(MGEAR). The main work is as follows:1. Firstly, this paper analyses WSN’s research background,characteristics, and the main application of WSN. Secondly, this article explores the main current direction and issues of routing protocols.2. According to routing void and routing loop issues in GEAR, this paper presents SGEAR improved algorithm in the specific scenarios of small network. The SGEAR modifies the cost functions based on the residual energy, achieves the better routing path. SGEAR escapes the routing loop caused by the broadcast delay. From the simulations, the conclusions can be drawn that SGEAR can reduce the void number, reducing the energy consumption of the entire network, which further prolongs the life of the network to satisfy the need of the specific scenarios of small network.3. According to routing void and low utilization of nodes in GEAR, this paper proposes modified algorithm based on GEAR, MGEAR. This algorithm is based on the energy proportional function instead of the traditional energy consumption function to select the next node. The greater the ratio of the initial energy and data transmission of energy consumed, the greater the likelihood of the node is selected as the next node, which has the ability to undertake more data transmission tasks. MGEAR algorithm not only avoids the node becomes void node, but also improves the utilization rate of the entire network node. At the same time, MGEAR algorithm reduces the number of void node, avoids routing void, and thus further extends the network life cycle.