Research On Energy-saving Opportunity Routing In Underwater Wireless Sensor Network

In recent years,the underwater Internet of things has received more and more attention from the society and has achieved rapid development.Underwater wireless sensor network(UWSN)is an important part of the underwater Internet of Things,and has gradually become the focus of research and application.Underwater wireless sensor network routing is responsible for completing the information transmission of the underwater wireless sensor network.However,the underwater environment is complex and changeable,and communication is susceptible to various unknown interferences,and underwater charging is even more difficult to achieve.Limited energy is one of the huge challenges faced by underwater wireless sensor network routing.A good underwater routing protocol not only needs to overcome harsh environmental factors to achieve reliable transmission efficiency,but also consider how to maintain a longer network life cycle.Unbalanced network energy consumption easily causes nodes to consume energy prematurely,which may lead to network holes and even affect the normal operation of the entire network.Too many redundant nodes participating in forwarding will consume more energy.Both of these problems will shorten the life cycle of underwater wireless sensor networks.This paper studies and improves the routing protocol of underwater wireless sensor network in view of the above two problems.The specific improvement plan is as follows:(1)Research on the network structure of underwater wireless sensor network routing.Aiming at the problem of excessive redundant forwarding and increasing energy consumption in dense areas,an energy-saving underwater opportunistic routing with forwarding area division is proposed.This algorithm divides the initial forwarding area into Reuleaux triangles and uses the characteristics of Reuleaux triangles to effectively suppress redundant node forwarding and reduce energy consumption.Because the underwater environment is complex and changeable,the forwarding area is adaptively adjusted according to the density of nodes in different areas.At the same time,the algorithm also considers the node's remaining energy information and the node's two-hop neighborhood information,so as to avoid the node from falling into the local optimum.Experimental simulations prove that the algorithm can effectively reduce energy consumption and enhance the life cycle of underwater sensor networks.(2)Aiming at the problems of unbalanced energy consumption and high data transmission delay in underwater wireless sensor network routing,an underwater opportunistic routing based on the sparrow search algorithm is proposed.The swarm intelligence optimization algorithm has achieved remarkable results in solving path planning and finding the best path.The algorithm applies swarm intelligence optimization algorithm to underwater wireless sensor network routing.By considering the depth and remaining energy information of the node,calculating the depth and remaining energy weight to control the sparrow fitness value,and then continuously optimizing the routing path through the sparrow search algorithm to select the best routing path.Experimental simulation shows that the routing algorithm can effectively balance network energy consumption,reduce end-to-end delay,and improve the overall network life cycle.