Data Aggregation Technology Based On Energy Balancing For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN for short) combines sensing, computation and communication into a single tiny device. Through advanced mesh networking protocols, these devices form a sea of connectivity that extends the reach of cyberspace out into the physical world. The mesh networking connectivity will seek out and exploit any possible communication path by hopping data from node to node in search of its destination. By interconnection between these nodes, WSN can transmit a lot of data such as temperature, sound, images, etc. so it has broad application prospects. However, multimedia sensor nodes have limited resource such as energy, storage capacity and computing power, but modern WSN nodes need to process a large amount of information which even belongs to different types. Therefore, we introduce data aggregation to save energy and keep energy balancing of each cluster or each layer to extend the network lifetime during data transmission.The farther away from the base station, the more energy node will cost to transmit data, and it will short the lifetime of the node. To solve this problem, the network is divided into inner and outer regions according to the distance between nodes and the base station. Nodes from the inner region aggregate and forward data to the upper layer node layer by layer, and finally the node in the top layer send all collected data to the base station. It can avoid high energy cost when all cluster head transfer data directly to the base station. Nodes in outer region are deployed in grids of different sizes, each cluster head collect and aggregate data to the upper layer. It can avoid huge energy cost when far away from the base station transmit data directly to the base station. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm performs well in balance of energy consumption and could effectively save the energy compared to the MTP and CDFUD. Secondly, in hybrid wireless sensor network, different types of nodes may cause low collection efficiency and inequality of energy consumption. Thus, a type of efficient data gathering protocol for hybrid WSN is proposed in this thesis. Thus, a type of energy efficient data gathering protocol for hybrid WSN is proposed in this thesis. The network is divided into non-equalization grids and a primary as well as a secondary cluster head are selected in each grid to construct data collection paths for transmitting scalar and vector sensor data. Simulation results also show that the proposed algorithm performs well in balance of energy consumption and could effectively prolong the network lifetime compared to the MTP and CDFUD.