Optimal Design Of Video Image Edge Detection Based On FPGA

The edge of image is the most basic feature of image, especially for image analysis. Image edge detection technology is an important technology in the field of digital image processing. The characteristics of real-time digital image data system are the large amount of computation and high processing speed.The traditional method can not achieve the real-time processing. FPGA has lots of internal logic storage resources, rich high processing speed and system portability features,which make it very suitable for real-time image processing.In this paper, we design a real-time image edge detection system based on FPGA. The whole design of the system is completed in Quartus and ModelSim software and hardware environment. Through the system hardware design, including image acquisition, SDRAM cache, fast median filtering, Sobel edge detection algorithm and VGA display. First, through CMOS camera acquisition real-time video image, then turned the data into two value image cache to the SDRAM,after that the filtered data into the Sobel edge detection algorithm optimization module, the system algorithm design results in real-time local VGA display. In the design process, make full use of hardware resources,FPGA play as much as possible parallelism and pipelining structure advantages.The core content of this paper is the design and implementation of Sobel algorithm for edge detection of hardware. In the edge detection algorithm, de-noising fast median filtering. Fast median filtering algorithm is proposed in this paper, it can save hardware resources, improve processing speed. The traditional Sobel edge detection only use horizontal and vertical direction, on the basis of that, increase two direction template, which mean that adopts 4 Sobel operator template optimization algorithm.The results show that this system can realize the real-time video image edge detection function, and the optimization algorithm of edge detection accuracy and anti noise ability better.