The System Of Sunlight Automatic Tracking Based On MCU

In the current energy situation, the solar energy as a new clean energy more and more get people’s attention. When the solar panels in the work, because the sunshine intensity and direction of uncertainty, therefore, the traditional fixed solar panels is not fully absorb sunlight energy. In order to improve the situation, this design has carried on the research of sun automatic tracking system based on single chip microcomputer.In this paper, starting from the running rule of the sun, according to the characteristics of the time the sun’s rays incident Angle changes, design a set of controlled by comparing the track type of two-axis tracking system. For the hardware circuit AT89S52 single chip microcomputer as the main controller, using GL5516 photosensitive resistance and 2CU101 D photosensitive diode respectively designed the sun position detection circuit detecting circuit of light intensity. Through the ADC0809 chip photoelectric detection data collection, using ULN2003 as the stepper motor driver chip, chip driver 28BYJ-48 type stepping motor driven in solar panels. Using PL2303 chip to design the USB interface circuit, the use of MAX7219 chip drive eight seven segment LED display piece, respectively the communicate with PC’s date and time display.On software design, the design based on active and passive tracking methods to track the way their advantages and disadvantages, the advantages of the proposed combination of the two hybrid control mode, namely the theory of position evaluation as a coarse, photoelectric detection as a fine tuning. In order to ensure the accuracy of tracking system, the design put forward to collect more groups of signal averaging method of signal processing, and completed the module and the program flow chart of design and visual, motion control program writing and debugging.Design a physical model, after the success of the complete production and the power, system test. Learn after the test, the system theory of the sun position calculation error is not more than 0.5°. Under the same conditions as compared to fixed solar panels, automatic tracking device may be more to receive approximately 35% of the solar radiation. Through physical model of practical results, the running accuracy of the system can theoretically reach 4°, can be achieved in a horizontal direction-85°~+85° tracking range, on the pitch direction can reach 0°~90° tracking range.