Study On The Clustering Routing Protocol For Energy Consumption Control

Wireless sensor network(WSN) usually deployed in the special and unattended environment. The nodes have limited energy and it’s not easy to replace the batteries. Energy conservation is a first priority of WSN. A high performance routing protocol can effectively save the network energy,equilibrize network load and extend the life of the network. Therefore, the routing protocol is one of the main research direction of wireless sensor network.This paper focuses on clustering routing protocol of wireless sensor network. Firstly, we analysis the shortcomings of exising protocols. Secondly, based on the topology of network management, routing technology and data transmission technology, we propose a clustering protocol in WSN based on particle swarm optimization algorithm and a clustering routing protocolbased on non-uniform annular partition. Finally, we simulated the protocols with ns2. The main work is as follows:(1) In order to solve the randomness of LEACH protocol in the selection of cluster heads, we use PSO to optimize clustering scheme. We construct fitness function to evaluate the remaining energy of candidate cluster head nodes,the distance between the base station and cluster heads and the compactness of cluster structure. It can avoid the interruption of data transmission caused by the premature death of cluster heads. Otherwise, it can equilibrize network load and reduce the energy consumption between clusters. The simulation result shows that the improved algorithm can effectively slow down the death of nodes,guarantee the efficiency of data transmission, which do better in energy consumption control than LEACH or LEACH-C.(2)On the basis of analyzing the previous non-uniform clustering algorithm, we propose a network structure model with non-uniform annular partition, where the clusters in different partition have differernt radius. In the phase of competition among the cluster heads, this algorithm take both the remaining power of each node and the information of their neighbor node into consider, which makes the chosen of the cluster heads more reasonable. The communication between the cluster and the base station uses multi-hops method, which can further reduce the energy consumption of data transmission. The simulation result shows that the improved routing protocol can do a better job in extending the life of the network and improving the efficiency of data transmission than LEACH or EEUC.