Design And Implementation Of Image Acquisition And Processing System Based On FPGA

High-speed image acquisition and real-time processing have a significant value in national defense and military, industrial data acquisition, video communications and other fields. With the increasing performance of FPGA devices, which has a powerful programmability, high level of integration and any other features become more prominent. So that FPGA-based systems are becoming the mainstream solution in the field of image acquisition and processing.According to the design requirements of a video surveillance system-related project; in order to improve image acquisition and pre-processing ability; design and implement an FPGA-based high-speed real-time image acquisition, pre-processing and transmission system. System hardware is using image acquisition board + FPGA in its main control panel. QuartusII platform based FPGA’s logic design, and through the hardware description language VHDL to construct an image sensor control module, SDRAM control module, image pre-processing module and UBS2.0 interface chip control module inside the FPGA; FPGA can complete logic control for the image sensor, SDRAM chips, USB interface chip and fulfill image pre-processing. During module design, using the SPI interfaces protocol, in order to collect image data by the image sensor; using Ping-Pong operation to read and write two SDRAM, in order to implement sensor data’ caching; using median filtering algorithm to construct an image pre-processing module, in order to implement real-time pre-processing of the image data; using synchronous SLAVE FIFO mode to complete USB2.0 control, so that a rapid transfer of data can be achieved. Compared with traditional MCU or ARM microcontroller-based system designs, the paper design has comparative advantages in adaptations of the high-speed image capture, high-capacity data cache, real-time image pre-processing and fast transfer etc.FPGA-based high-speed image acquisition and processing system has comparative advantages in flexible programming, excellent systems integration, high reliability and low cost.The validated and proposed design in this paper can provide reference to specific areas of digital surveillance.