Research On Generalized Scattering Channel Model And Its Effects On Compact MIMO Antenna Receiving Systems

In recent years, with the rapid development of the wireless communication business and the emerging broadband mobile Internet access technology, the optimization of wireless communication system becomes very important. In practice, the understanding of the wireless channel has been the foundation of the design high performance and high spectrum efficiency of wireless transmission technology. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) as one of the fourth generation (4G) in modern and future mobile communications has manifested enormous superiorities in advancement of channel capacity and spectrum utilization rate. MIMO system performances mainly depend on wireless fading channel and transmitter-receiver array elements. The characteristics of wireless channel have great influence on signal transmission. Therefore, it is very necessary for the channel modeling of the electromagnetic signal transmission between the base station (BS) and mobile station (MS). This paper mainly analyze geometrical-based wireless channel properties and MIMO array antenna systemperformance, analyse wireless channel modeling, Doppler spectrum (DS), spatial fading correlation and channel capacity, which establish a solid theoretical foundation. The research of this manuscript is shown as follows:Firstly, to test an adaptive array algorithm in cellular communications, we developed an improved geometry-based statistical channel model for radio propagation environments, which based on the scatterering channel model for indoor environments. The joint and marginal probability density functions were derived in closed-form expression. Using the channel model, we analyze the effects of directional antennas at the base station on the Doppler spectrum of a mobile station due to its motion and the performance of its MIMO systems. The results show that the proposed scatterer distribution is suitable for outdoor and indoor environments, which can be used instead of deterministic considerations in 3GPP to simulate the realistic correlated channels and to predict the real MIMO performance.Secondly, a generalized three-dimensional (3D) scattering channel model for land mobile systems is proposed to simultaneously describe the angular arrival of multi-path signals. We first derive the closed-form expression for the joint and marginal probability density functions of the angle of arrival (AOA) and time of arrival (TOA) corresponding to the azimuth and elevation angles. Furthermore, according to the theory of the relative motion, the Doppler spectrum distribution at the BS and MS can also be derived. Comparisons between our theoretical calculations and customary 3D results show that the analyses are correct and applicable to microcell environments, which promotes the research of the 3D scattering channel models.Thirdly, a generalized 3D scattering channel model for macrocellular land mobile environments is considered. This model simultaneously describes angular arrival of multi-path signals in the azimuth and elevation planes. Using this channel-model, we first derive the closed-form expression for the joint and marginal probability density functions of the angle-of-arrival and time-of-arrival measured at the BS and the MS corresponding to the azimuth and elevation angles. Next, we derive an expression for the Doppler spectral distribution caused by motion of the MSs. Furthermore, we analyze the performance of multiple-input multiple-output antenna systems numerically. The numerical and simulation results indicate that the time variant non-stationary characteristics of the M2M channel modeling, and simultaneously describe the dynamic change of the M2M time variant multipath channel structure, rich the theory of the movement of the channel modeling.Lastly, the performance of uniform concentric circular arrays (UCCA) for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) receiver in a 3D multi-path channel is investigated. We first derive the analytical expressions for antenna spatial fading correlation (SFC) and electromagnetic vector sensor (EVS) at each element, where the UCCA configuration for MIMO receiver is considered. The numerical and simulation results indicate that the excellent performance of the proposed UCCA MIMO antenna array system. Furthermore, comparisons between our theoretical results of the UCCA-EVS antenna array with previous ULA and UCA antenna array show that the analysis is accurate and applicable to depict the 3D spatial fading channel model.