Research And Design Of Wireless Sensor Network Based Environmental Energy Harvesting

Wireless sensor networks have a wide range of applications, easy to carry, unique features low power consumption and people more and more get attention of it, but the scene node power supply is a bottleneck problem. Replacement and maintenance of the battery system are more prominent, which become a technical problem in the wireless sensor network development path. This thesis studies the "collecting environmental energy power supply" and "ultra low power" of wireless sensor network technology, and give a More reasonable solution both from Collecting environmental energy supply and Energy saving.First of all, this thesis studied the power of wireless sensor network. Aiming at the disadvantages of using chemical batteries, energy collection is provided for the power train of thought, then, briefly introduce the characteristics of environment of easy access to energy at first, then further study of the solar energy, temperature, mechanical vibration can collect principle and operating characteristics, establishing collect environmental energy model, and presenting an able to collect a variety of environmental energy management system solution, which solving the past to collect a single environment energy for the problem of the sensor node power supply. According to this solution design a power management circuit, through the experiment demonstrates the feasibility of the system.At the same time, this thesis discusses the overall architecture of wireless sensor network, designing sensor node, gathering node, user system framework of the system software base on the basis of the overall architecture. Among them, the design of the sensor nodes using low-power MSP430 single chip microcomputer minimum system as the core module, which conforms to the node miniaturization, low energy consumption and low cost requirements. Gathering node is designed into tiny embedded minimum system, meeting the gathering node to timely collaborate、sent a large number of data fusion node. In addition, software design mainly includes the communication between nodes in wireless sensor network application in the design and the design of wireless sensor network protocol related procedures, and the user’s system software was designed using the B/S mode in the end, which achieving the real-time monitoring and management of monitoring area.At the end of thesis, wireless sensor network related energy saving strategy is studied, the wireless sensor system for data transmission and processing of related energy saving strategies are studied and analyzed at first, then studying wireless sensor network MAC layer protocol, following emphatically analyzing the super frame structure, the GTS mechanism, then on the basis of introducing the duty ratio analysis of the network energy consumption and delay problems, and this thesis give an adaptive duty ratio solution, and simulating that by experiment. Finally aiming at some problems of the traditional LEACH protocol cluster tree routing, this thesis presents a LEACH protocol cluster head election and the formation of cluster algorithm, thro ugh the simulation results verify the feasibility of the algorithm.