Antenna Design And Research For Millimeter-wave Wireless Communication

In recent years, with the continuous development of wireless mobile communication technology, people have been an urgent need for high-speed communication technology, gigabit wireless communication technology has become an inevitable future development. The millimeter-wave communication technology is becoming a hotspot because of its broadband characteristics. After the research for many years, ECMA(European Computer Manufacturers Association) has developed a number of communication standards, such as IEEE 802.15.3c, WiGig(Wireless Gigabit), and Wireless HDTM and so on.And recently emerging short-range communication 802.11 ac protocol, it can reach speeds of up to 1.3 Gbps/s. The 60 GHz band is defined as 802.11 ad standard by IEEE organization. In this paper, we mainly research on the center frequency of60 GHz multi-gigabit wireless communication system for indoor.Due to the high prone 60 GHz band transmission loss, it is not conducive to high-speed data communications, Therefore, we hope that the use of high-gain directional antenna to achieve point to point communication, to achieve a very narrow beam of communication and improve the transmission rate. Multi-beam switching system can be switched transmit beam direction, and can achieve high gain narrow beam ASU function, with low side lobe suppression of unfavorable factors interference, improve data transfer rates.Common design planar structure in a millimeter wave band device, there will be a high radiation losses, such as the use SAW loss; Metal waveguide structure is bulky and difficult to realize integrated system architecture. Substrate integrated waveguide can be used to design millimeter-wave devices, but also has the advantage of ordinary planar waveguide structures and metal structures, such as small size, low processing costs, low loss, high power capacity and other characteristics.We design 60 GHz four beam switching component for substrate integrated waveguide technology, including the Butler matrix and slot array antenna. Butler matrix is to achieve the phase difference of the four output ports of the neighboring port change through the input switching port, and enabling the slot array antenna feed phase change so that achieve complete beam switching functions. It realizesimplementation requires of narrow beam communication, increase system capacity,providing a possible direction for future hardware solution millimeter wave whole adaptive smart antenna system. The Butler matrix is consist of four 3db couplers(coupling factor:-3.1dB,through port and the coupling port phase difference90°), two-45 ° phase shifter(insert loss:-0.06 dB,output phase:-44°), two cross-coupled device(coupling factor:-0.3dB,coupling port output phase:0°), two 0 °phase shifter(insert loss:-0.2dB,output phase:0°) composition; we design slot array antenna design using Taylor synthesis method, to achieve high gain and low side lobe performance. Using high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software CST(Computer Simulation Technology) for all devices simulation, and ultimately four ±38 ° beam switching effect, after verification with the formula, and the formula for calculating the basic line, millimeter wave antenna beam switching components can achieve more good performance.