Research Of Bioengineered Tumor Model In Vitro Based On Three-dimensional Cell Printing Technique

Three-dimensional printing technology, also known as3D printing, is a new techniquecombining of information science, materials science and manufacturing science. It is based on thetheory of discrete accumulation and under the control of the computer accumulating of materiallayer by layer thereby forming three-dimensional structure in accordance with pre-designed3Dmodel. Compared to the traditional manufacturing industry,3D printing has advantages of more fast,accurate and lower cost.3D cell printing technology is the forefront field of3D printing, whichcombines life sciences and bring new theory and technology for biomedical area. In accordancewith pre-designed3D model,3D cell printing can accurately position and transport living cells/extracellular matrix (ECM) composite material for building models of complex biomimetic researchorganization structure. It provides a new technology in the field of biomedical study such as cancerresearch.Clinical trial is the most effective method to study the mechanism of tumor progression andanticancer drug screening, but because of safety, ethics and other factors, it cannot be widelyapplied. The traditional2D culture and animal models are the most commonly used model in thefield of cancer research, but cell morphology and function has changed in two-dimensional modeldue to lack of interaction between the extracellular matrix, there is a real difference with in vivotumor; animal models due to the presence of species differences cannot be fully used to simulatehuman tumor growth microenvironment. Therefore, the three-dimensional tumor model that cansimulate in vivo tumor microenvironment has been widely used. Cancer is a highly complexheterogeneous tissue, and3D cell printing technology can accurately transport a variety of cells andmaterials in accordance with the pre-designed spatial structure, therefore it has a very big advantagein in vitro tumor model research.Firstly, we introduced the status and progress of3D cell printing technology in detail, andfurther discussed the potential and prospects of3D cell printing technology in building in vitrothree-dimensional model for tumor research combining with the current situation and futuredirection of cancer research analysis. Secondly, we described the selection and design of theextracellular matrix material for3D cell printing and compared the difference of printing effect dueto different materials proportion in order to find the best ratio and optimum print temperature. Then,structural design of in vitro ovarian cancer model was made based on the structural and compositionanalysis of ovarian cancer. In this study, we constructed a novel3D tumor model by assembling ovarian cancer cells/gelatin/sodium alginate using3D cell printing technique. Cell survival rateafter printing was detected by MTT assay firstly, and then proliferation rate of ovarian cancer cellsin3D construct and on cell culture plates (2D) measured by Alamar Blue assay on day1,3,5and7.p53and bcl-2gene expression in3D construct and on cell culture plates (2D) were respectivelyevaluated by quantitative PCR(qPCR) on day1,3,5and7. The results showed that in vitrothree-dimensional tumor model using3D cell printing technology can accurately simulate the invivo tumor growth microenvironment and provide new technologies for the field of cancer researchand anticancer drug screening.