Application Research Of Static Wireless Sensor Networks Based On Optimal Energy Consumption

As a new type of network system to access information and data, wireless sensor network can realize information interaction and the communication between people and the physical world. Because of the advantage of high monitoring precision, good fault tolerance and remote monitoring, wireless sensor network has a board application prospect in many fields such as Military, industry, agriculture, health, environment and business.The wireless sensor network is a static network because the location of the node is rarely changed after deployment. The basic composition unit of wireless sensor network is sensor nodes. The nodes have the characteristics of large scale, small volume and low cost. Besides, The nodes have the ability to aware and process environmental data. Through collaborative working, the large number of nodes obtain and process the information of coverage network and send it to the observer. In wireless sensor network applications, as the energy of the nodes usually comes from the battery with limited energy and the deployment environment is complex and bad, replacing or charging the battery is difficult to achieve. The problem of energy efficiency is the primary issue and the most serious challenge of wireless sensor network. WSN must use the limited energy resources reasonably and efficiently to keep reliable operation for a long time. How to extend the life cycle and balance energy consumption of wireless sensor network is the main research content of this article.The paper introduces the system structure, research hot spots and difficulties of wireless sensor network. In view of the primary energy consumption problem in present applications, the paper analyzes the distribution of energy consumption and the strategy to reduce energy consumption. To realize optimal energy consumption, the paper adopts the method of improving routing protocol. In the study of routing, it introduces the types of routing protocols and some typical routing. Based on the Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy, the advanced hierarchy called AD-LEACH is put forward. The new hierarchy distinguishes special nodes in the stage of selecting cluster heads, weighing the influence of factors such as energy, distance. During the course of forming clusters, the network is divided into several grids and the nodes select the cluster according to its own location information. The data transmission takes the best forward distance into consideration, based on which, the nodes adopt the method of single hop or multiple hops and select the next hop node. The simulation results on the NS2 platform show that the advanced hierarchy achieves ideal effect in balancing network’s energy consumption and prolonging the network life. Besides, wireless sensor nodes for typical application are designed. The nodes use temperature sensor to collect information and DSP to process the data. Battery is the energy source of the nodes and the monitoring data is visualized through the display module. The paper test and verify the node function of temperature acquisition and data communication.