The Development Of AGV Based On RFID Mark Identifying And Infrared Tracking

With the rapid development of economy in China and the improvement of people’s living standards, the level of automation is constantly improving concerning material and goods transportation, meanwhile, more and more higher and newer requirements for automated handling technologies are being put forward. A number of problems are emerging as the skyrocketing of labor cost, the lack of well-trained industrial workers and the hardness of employing workers. Those problems called for a strong need for the rapid growth of robots. Automated Guided Vehicle(AGV) has been put into application in all walks of life for its characteristics of reliability, security, high-proficiency and flexibility. At the same time, different AGVs are springing up fitting for different working requirements under different working environments, which have a very broad and promising application prospect for the satisfaction to the different occasions.On the basis of references to massive documents of relevant contents and technologies and the profound understanding of the principle of AGV, this thesis summarized and analyzed the application status and development trend of AGV technologies both at home and abroad; meanwhile, based on the current market requirements in China, this thesis pointed out the necessity for designing a kind of low-cost and widely-used AGV. On the basis of a full understanding of the basic principle and structure of AGV, and targeting to the shortage of the high cost of the software and hardware of AGV in terms of site identification and path guidance, this thesis come up with the general designing idea of low-cost and wide application.Starting from the guidance module and site identification module which rank the highest in many AGV modules, and using the designing idea of modulation, this thesis put forward the general structure and technology pattern of AGV; targeting at the disadvantage of the low accuracy of site identification of AGV, and adopting the popular, inexpensive and highly reliable RFID technology, we tried to identify the site marks and turn marks in this subject to improve the shortage of AGV path layout, and the experimental result proved that the it works well and its reading to site and road signs is proficient and accurate; About the chassis structure of AGV, in the consideration of the need of this subject, we designed the driving unit of AGV chassis, and printed the 3D model of AGV chassis, thus eliminated the phenomenon of slipping of driving wheel and getting off the ground on bumpy road of AGV; Targeting at the hardware design of AGV system, and from the aspects of production cost and cost maintenance, we used the design idea of modulation to design every module in AGV system hardware elaborately. On the design of the guidance module in this subject, we adopted infrared sensor with high cost performance to design the infrared tracking guidance module with stark characteristics; In terms of the development of system software, by the use of the division rules of the former hardware system, and the reuse of modulation design idea, starting from three operational models of AGV, we completed the program design of functional modules of manual mode, target site tracking mode( semi-automatic mode) and automatic site tracking mode.; Targeting at the key infrared tracking guidance functional module program in the master control module program, we used the most popular PID control algorithm in industry, and put the changing process of the rotating speed of two driving wheels in the process of changing lanes into AGV infrared tracking guidance, thus the shortages of the unsmooth operation are resolved effectively; Targeting at the different operational modes of AGV, and starting from the development of ground-control system application software, we finished the development of this software; At last, we tested the developed software, hardware and Internet applications. The result of the test showed that the developed software, hardware and Internet applications could operate normally and satisfy the design requirement in this subject.