| With living cells as the sensitive element, Cell-based Biosensors (CBB) was used to detect the changes of intracellular and extracellular microenvironment and various cellular physiological parameters caused by external stimuli, such as extracellular action potentials, cellular impedance, etc. Commonly used CBB include Micro-electrode Array (MEA) which was used to detect extracellular potentials, Electric Cell-substrate Impedance Sensor (ECIS) which was used to detect cellular impedance, and Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensor (LAPS) which was used to detect extracellular ion concentrations. CBB is highly sensitive to compounds capable of causing cellular electrochemical reaction, and can afford long time, high-throughput, non-destructive and label-free monitoring. In this paper, we present a cellular electrophysiology analyzer based on MEA, and try to apply it to drug screening.Olfactory animal robot (OAR) refers to an animal robot capable of detecting odors. Functionally, an OAR contains an animal olfactory sensor (AOS) based on brain-computer interface (BCI) and a bio-robot based on computer-brain interface (CBI). AOS is realized by recording and decoding the neural activities from conscious rat’s olfactory bulb using micro-wire electrode array. Bio-robot based on CBI is realized utilizing event related brain potentials; ones can control the movement and behaviors of animal by neuronal electrical micro-simulation. OAR is alternately produced by neurology, behavioral science, computer science and other disciplines, and has turned into a frontier research topic in the world. In this paper, an olfactory rat-robot is presented based on implanted micro-wire electrode and Wi-Fi technology, it has realized the detection of a variety of odors and the controlling of rat’s behaviors.The major contents and innovations of this paper are given as follows:1.The dissertation systematically studied the mechanism of cellular electro-physiological analyzer and olfactory rat-robot, and achieved the designWe systematically studied the electrophysiological basis of myocardial cells, established the model of cell-MEA interface. Base on the model, we designed and tested a 32-channel MEA chip and its detection circuit, and apply it to the detection of extracellular action potentials of myocardial cells. The results indicate that the chip has high sensitivity and stability, and can meet the practical requirements. We explored the biological principles of mammalian olfactory system and the mechanism of animal robot, which constitute the basic theory of OAR, and completed the design and test of a 16-channel micro-wire electrode array, which has been proved can be used for recording of conscious rat’s neural activities.2. The dissertation completed the design and test of cellular electrophysiology detection systemBased on the MEA chip,32-channel cable and 8-channel wireless cellular electrophysiology analyzer were developed to meet different experimental requirements.32-channel cable cellular electrophysiology analyzer takes USB-6218 (National Instruments) as data acquisition unit, data are transmitted to computer for display and record with USB 2.0 protocol, while 8-channel wireless analyzer wirelessly transfers extracted data to an iPad device with Wi-Fi technology. In the testing of these two analyzers, we primary cultured myocardial cells on MEA chip, stimulate the cells with isoproterenol and lidocaine, and record the changes in extracellular action potentials. The results indicate that the cellular electrophysiology detection system can meet the actual demands.3. The dissertation completed the design and test of olfactory rat-robotBased on the 16-channel micro-wire electrode array and Wi-Fi technology, olfactory rat-robot has been developed in this paper.8 channels of the electrode are used to record the olfactory neural activities, with which odorant information can be decoded. The other channels are used for cerebral electrical micro-stimulation,with which the controlling of rat’s behavior can be achieved. We applied the designed olfactory rat-robot in a real experiment, it showed high sensitivity and specificity to all the six odorants (carvone, citral, isobutyl alcohol, diacetyl, anisole, isoamyl acetate), and can complete the controlling of simple behaviors. |
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