The Hierarchical Routing Algorithm Based On Network Resource Utilization Efficiency Of Wireless Sensor Networks

As the main supporting technology of Internet of Things, wireless sensor networks has changed the sensor networks’ information acquisition and processing methods, while it has received wide attention in research and applications. Since wireless sensor networks have unique properties such as network characteristics, data transmission and communication models, the application and development of traditional routing algorithms was restricted. Recently, due to the cross-layer design method is simple and flexible while because of its universally applicable for all network architecture and application environments, the cross-layer design approach has been widely used in wireless sensor networks. Wireless sensor networks has some common design goals for network MAC layer, physical layer and network layer. Based on the cross-layer design thought in the process of creating a route considering the network interference behavior in MAC layer, link layer rate allocation relationships and network resource allocation method, the overall performance of the network, this paper proposes the global optimum routing scheme. The paper can be divided into the following sections:(1) The routing algorithm in this paper analysis the structural characteristics of the wireless sensor network firstly. In wireless sensor networks, network layer routing as a bridge for connectionless transport layer and the data link layer, it has a pivotal role. This paper from the overall performance of the network, analyzes the factors that influence the structural characteristics and create a network routing algorithm. Then, establish a node model and associated routing algorithm, link model, interference model respectively, which well positioned for the establishment of a joint design cross-layer routing algorithm.(2)On the analysis of physical layer and MAC layer, we propose a probabilistic forwarding control routing algorithm based on the interference behavior. Based on cross-layer design, analysis of wireless sensor network nodes transmit and receive side interference model, this paper combined with the physical layer and MAC layer characteristics proposed a probabilistic forwarding control routing algorithm based on the SINR model. This algorithm depending on the probability of a neighbor nodes select and determine the next hop node, and by distinguishing the nodes’ priority, to control the data forwarding. Finally, the simulation results show that the algorithm has strong feasibility and effectiveness, and compares with other algorithms, this algorithm has some advantages.(3)Considering the flow routing rate, the clustering rules, and the resource consumption of network bandwidth, we propose a routing algorithm based on topology control and resource allocation in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks in this paper. The algorithm establishes a model on flow rate balance in the network layer according to the rate allocation mechanism of the cluster heads and member nodes. In the link layer, An interference model is established to analyze the sharing spectrum behavior and the resource reconfiguration. By introducing a bandwidth scaling factor ρ, the band is re-divided into several sub-bands, which aims at maximizing the utilization efficiency of frequency band resource. Based on the cross-layer design framework, we develop a mixed-integer nonlinear programming optimization problem to obtain the optimal clustering results and resource allocation scheme, jointly considering the networks topology and resource allocation. We evaluate the performance in a given network topology. The results show that the proposed routing algorithm can obtain the optimum match results and the optimal route while utilizing spectrum efficiently.