Research On Cross-layer Design Of Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network integrates the sensor, micro-electromechanical system, modern computing and wireless communication networks. WSNs have attracted much focus from both academic and industrial fields due to their great application prospect. Routing algorithm plays an increasingly important role in the application-oriented WSN. However, the unique characteristics of WSN in network feature, communication model and data transmission, have hampered the application of most traditional routing protocols in WSN. Cross-layer design has formed a natural combination with routing protocols of WSN for its simple but flexible idea and its universality for different network structure and application. Thus, with cross-layer design, research of WSN has become less complicated and more practical.This theme takes cross-layer idea as the main line to design routing protocols suitable for WSN. The research briefs and innovation of this theme are mainly indicated on four aspects as follows:1. A cross-layer channel aware contention based routing scheme for wireless sensor network is proposedThe existing routing protocol could hardly guarantee the correctness and effectiveness of packets'transmission, thus the theme proposes a well-defined channel characteristic. Then an optimized access space mechanism is proposed used as criterion of relay selection during the channel contention round. Based on ASM, a channel aware contention based routing scheme for wireless sensor network is presented. The scheme selects the appropriate relay node by the integrated consideration of access probability, routing cost metrics and wireless channel characteristics. Besides, we analyze the performance of ASM, such as successful probability, with the dynamic programming. The simulation results show that CACR achieves better network performance in terms of packet delivery ratio and improves the contention efficiency consequently.2. An energy-efficient contention-based cooperative routing for distributed event detection is proposed based on cross layer methodologyEvent detection is one of the significant applications in WSN. Besides energy and resource constraint of WSN, high network load due to plenty of detection data is one of the most important problems for the routing for event detection. This theme introduces a channel parameter based on Gauss-Markov model and designs an energy-efficient contention-based cooperative routing for event detection. ECCRD incorporates detection efficiency, access probability and energy consumption. Detection, channel access and routing are formed as a cross-layer access space problem, and network performance is optimized during the process of routing. Simulation results show that ECCRD achieves better detection efficiency for large scale detection and consumes less energy.3. A cross-layer multi-optimized function directed diffusion protocol called MOFD is proposedThis theme analyzes energy consumption and balance of the existing routing protocol and points out the defectiveness of these works. Then for the purpose of network energy balance and lifetime improvement, a novel cross-layer multi-optimized function directed diffusion protocol called MOFD is proposed based on traditional push diffusion protocols. Simulations in ns-2 proved that the MOFD protocol could prolong the lifetime and enhance the robustness of the whole network, compared with the original push diffusion.4. A secure routing protocol resilient to jamming is proposed via functional interactions with physical and MAC layer.To improve the security of routing protocol in WSN, this them analyzes the jamming attack and detection model, and proposes a secure routing protocol resilient to jamming. SRRJ introduces a jamming detection mechanism for cross-layer network security analysis. Based on detection result of jamming attack and network security, SRRJ avoids the malicious node and the affected region by the greatest extent. SRRJ could reduce the negative impact of jamming attack and improve the network security performance.