Cell Zooming Technique To Reduce Energy Consumption In Wireless Communication Systems

Due to exponential increase in data traffic, the cellular network operator is facing aprecarious situation: a fast growing traffic, while reducing costs and increasing theaverage revenue per user (ARPU). With the electricity bill accounting for20-30per centof the expenditure of network operations, the situation cannot be less complicated with theincreasing energy costs. Energy efficiency is now the most important topic in wirelesscommunication, as we know; the base station is the most consuming part in the network interms of energy. In this work, we propose a new technique called cell zooming to reduceenergy consumption at base stations. With this technique, the base stations candynamically adjust their coverage radius and hence transmit powers based on the locationof the users. The transmission power is set to the minimum level required based on thelocation of users, signals interference and noise ratio (SINR) required. The base stationsare never entirely switched off. We first analyze the user behavior at each period of theday; we can therefore establish the relationship between the base station density and userdensity.Secondly, according to information about the number of user at each period of the day, wecan define the transmit power which can satisfy every user and guarantee the QoS.We also proposed the use of renewable energy of some part of the base station like thecooling part which can help us to save up to25%of the total energy consumed by the basestation.The simulations show that the algorithms proposed can save the energy up to40%in thenetwork without affecting the quality of service of the users.