Research On Renewable Energy Allocation For Cellular Backhaul Networks Based On Game Theory

Next-generation wireless networks will use millimeter-wave ultra-wideband communications and big data services.wireless data backhaul will become an important part of multi-level heterogeneous dense small cellular networks,which in turn will carry huge amounts of data.Reducing the energy consumption of wireless data backhaul has also become the key to the design of green wireless networks in the future.This paper considers the problem of renewable energy allocation for a cellular backhaul network where the wireless operator can request renewable energy from multiple renewable power suppliers to serve the end users.The operator needs to specify the energy storage level for each RPS and the wireless service price for end users given the energy price on each backhaul node,and then,the RPSs can determine their individual energy prices.The problem is formulated as a Stackelberg game between the leader(the wireless operator)and multiple followers(renewable power suppliers).Efficient distributed algorithms are proposed to find the renewable power suppliers' unique equilibrium pricing scheme and the operator's optimal energy storage and wireless service price decisions.Our analysis also provides the important observation that direct competition between renewable power suppliers on the same backhaul node will induce the operator to store more energy and can thus improve the revenues of both the operator and the renewable power suppliers.Furthermore,we consider that renewable power suppliers along the backhaul may form coalitions to better coordinate their pricing decisions when they sell energy to the wireless operator.Such a study leads to a new coalitional game.We will show that coalition formation depends crucially on how the wireless traffic will be affected by the energy price reduction due to the coalition formation.A distributed algorithm is proposed to obtain the Nash stable coalition structure and the corresponding energy pricing strategy for each coalition.Finally,simulation results are presented to compare the solutions of the competitive model and the cooperative model.We show that forming coalitions between renewable power suppliers benefits both the renewable power suppliers and the operator.