Research Of Clustering Routing Protocols Based On Energy And Density In Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (referred to as WSNs) is a new type network which is associated with sensor technology, computer technology, storage technology, network technology and wireless communication technology, and has a very broad application prospects. Usually, the node energy, computing power, storage capacity and wireless communication capacity is limited, because of the constraints of technology and cost. Usually, the data is forwarded by multi-hop from the source node to the sink node.Routing protocol is one of the key technologies of wireless sensor networks. It looks for the optimal path of data transmission and forwards the data along the correct path. Therefore, it is an important index for the design of wireless sensor networks routing protocol that to improve energy efficiency and reliability of data transmission. Optimized design of routing protocols, can balance the network energy consumption, and prolong the network lifetime.The clustering routing protocol compared with traditional flat routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, has a great advantage in many aspects of adaptability, energy efficiency, robustness and scalability. It is the focus of research on the routing protocol, and is widely used in wireless sensor networks. Based on the study of the current clustering routing protocol, two routing protocols have been proposed in the paper. There are theoretical analysis and Simulation about these routing protocol.An clustering routing protocol based on energy and density (referred to as CPBED) is proposed in this paper. The residual energy level and the density of nodes are synthetically considered together to optimize the process of cluster head in CPBED algorithm, so that the partition of cluster is well-distributed and reasonable. The simulation results demonstrate that the novel algorithm has better energy balance and provides longer network lifetime.Considering that there is a non-uniform network in the practical application of wireless sensor networks sometimes, based on the research of CPBED, a clustering routing protocols for non-uniform network in wireless sensor networks (referred to as CRPNU) was proposed in this paper. In order to ensure that there are enough cluster head nodes in sparse region, shorten the node communication distance and reduce energy consumption, we have done a lot of work. According to the distribution of nodes, the network was divided into common areas and sparse areas, and different cluster head selection strategy was used in different areas. The simulation results show that CRPNU can effectively delay the time of the first-node-death and reduce the proportion of the sparse region nodes died.