Research On Energy-efficiency Of Long-distance Transmission In Wireless Sensor Networks

The working environment of Wireless sensor network (WSN) is very complex. It is verydifficult to replace the batteries of nodes. The power is very limited. Therefore, it is the focus of thewireless sensor network research that how the energy consumption of the nodes in WSN could bereduced, and how the life cycle of WSN could be prolonged.This paper studies deeply the development of wireless sensor network, the system structureand characteristics. In order to reduce the energy consumption of wireless sensor network and toprolong the service life of wireless sensor network, this paper did the following research:(1) To analyze and compare the energy consumption of different schemes in WSN and toderive the corresponding formulas of different transmission schemes of energy consumption. As forthe problem that the energy consumption in traditional transmission scheme of long distance is toolarge, energy-saving cooperative MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology is proposed.The simulation results show that the MIMO transmission scheme in long-distance transmission hasconsumed less power than the traditional transmission scheme.(2) To study and analyze the traditional LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy)routing protocol. As for the issue that the head node energy consumption is too large to those nodesfar from the base station in traditional agreement, the improved algorithm is put forward. Byintroducing multiple-hop transmission and minimum path generated by Prim algorithm, theopportunity for those closer nodes to become the cluster head nodes shall be reduced and the energyconsumption of those nodes far away from the base station could be reduced.(3) To introduce the MIMO technology in wireless sensor network transmission process andSISO-MIMO-LEACH scheme. This scheme plan sets the collaboration node, puts forward theoptions of the number of collaboration nodes, and derives the formula of energy consumption. Itcan reduce the energy consumption of each node, improve the original LEACH routing protocol,optimize the network mode, balance energy consumption of each node, and prolong the life of thewireless sensor network. The scheme is suitable for the transmission stations whose coverage areaenvironment is farther. With the increase of the distance between the the base station and itscoverage area, the scheme of ascension effect will be better.