Privacy Preserving Dynamic Spectrum Auction In Cognitive Radio Networks

Asapromisingandincentivemethodtore-distributespectrum,dynamicspectrumauction ofers the fexibility and capability for bidders to request and acquire availablespectrum from primary users. Through auction, SUs can obtain spectrum access in acost-efective manner while PUs would receive compensation from SUs as a rewardof contributing their spectrum resources to others. Diferent from the traditional auc-tion scheme, dynamic spectrum auction permits two well-separated bidders to utilizethe same channel simultaneously, denoted as spectrum reusability. This characteris-tic requires SUs to submit their location information to the auctioneer to construct theconfict constraints. Despite a large body of research works concentrating on how toefciently and truthfully launch an auction, few attentions have been drawn to the se-curity issues so far.In this paper, we mainly focus on the privacy leakage problem in dynamic spec-trum auction scheme and propose a novel location privacy leakage problem. As illus-trated above, spectrum auction requires users to submit their location information to anuntrusted auctioneer, which will inevitably leave the SU’s position, or even the trace tounwanted parties. What’s worse, our research shows that, in addition to compromis-ing users’ location privacy directly through location submission process, the adversarycould also infer users’ positions from the bidding items and price. To address theproblem, we introduce a new Location Privacy Preserving Dynamic Spectrum Auc-tion (LPPA) scheme, which enables the dynamic spectrum auction launched withoutleakingSUs’positioninformation. LPPAconsistsoftwomodules: PrivacyPreservingBid Submission Protocol (PPBS) and Private Spectrum Distribution Protocol (PSD).Besides, we would introduce a novel jamming attack based on the bids of users and the publication information from the auctioneer. Diferent from the conventionaljammer in cognitive radio networks who employs limited sensing ability to detect theunoccupied channels, this kind of adversary acquires the available channels by exploit-ingtheinformationfromspectrumauctionandcanblocktheSUswithahighsuccessfulprobability. To validate the efectiveness of our attack, we implement our experimentsonUniversalSoftwareRadioPeripheral. Furthermore,throughexperimentsresults,wedemonstrate that the traditional well-known anti-jamming techniques such as Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)can not be directly applied to the cognitive radio networks.