The Design And Impletemation Of Bluetooth HCI-UART Host Controller Interface Based On FPGA

With the rapid development of digital communication technology,wireless communication technologies are becoming more widespread. Asa short-range wireless communication technology, Bluetooth solves the"last10meters" problem for people. Bluetooth products, which isportable, low-cost, secure and so on, have occupied a huge market in ashort time, covering notebooks, headsets, PDA, mobile phones, cars aswell as other digital wireless communication terminals, Bluetoothtechnology has a huge development space.Bluetooth protocol can be divided into bottom protocols and topprotocols according to its structure. The Host controller interface (HCI)which locates between the two protocols, is as a bridge to connect thebottom and top protocols. At present, the application of Bluetoothtechnology commonly adopts the way of the dual controller handling-hostcan access and control the Bluetooth hardware module by using HCI. HCIprovides the command interface to access the hardware status register andcontrol registers for the baseband controller and link manager in order torealize the unitified mode of accessing the Bluetooth baseband. Therefore,HCI plays a decisive role in automatically and flexibly buildingapplication oriented Bluetooth protocol stack and researching theBluetooth application based on specific hardware.This thesis in depth analyses the structure of Bluetoothcommunication protocol and communication theory, and proposes a wayof achieving the Bluetooth UART-type host controller interface by use ofFPGA hardware on the basis of Bluetooth communication features. Thisthesis explicitly describes the Bluetooth specification framework and thespecific content of the Bluetooth protocol stack, and focuses on analyzingthe composition of the structure and realization of HCI theory. Bycomparing the advantages and disadvantages of four types of HCI transport layer, it is indicated that the rationality of using UART-typephysical transport layer. Then, based on the Bluetooth communicationtheory, it puts forward the design goal and specific design solution of thehost controller interface. According to the implementation process of HCIcommunication, the structure of the host controller interface is plannedand the system is divided into several modules.Under the designenvironment of Quartus II9.2, the system sub-module RTL design iscompleted by using top-down design method and verilog HDL.Then it isfinished that the function and timing simulation of each sub-module byuse of Modelsim6.5; Finally, the sof configuration files is downloadedinto a development board which the core of is Altera CycloneII seriesEP2C20and the FPGA prototype verification of the design is finished byuse of the hardware platform.This design uses the FPGA hardware to implement HCI-UART hostcontroller interface, which take full advantage of high reliability, goodstability, easy maintenance and upgrading of a full hardwareimplementation, the baudrate of the communication interface can beadjusted and satisfy different transmission demand; and proposes anapproach of integrating the master and slave machines on a module inorder to share resources, which uses480logic elements and which theresourse usage of isn’t beyond3%of the resourse in the board, and reducethe hardware resources utilization and the overhead of the top softwareand shorten the development and application cycle of Bluetooth product.The design provides an host controller which is operated easily, has ansimple structure. It not only is used lonely, but also serve as a stand-aloneIP core applied in the practical design and has real value of research anddevelopment.