The Hierarchical Automatic Adaptive Bandwidth Routing Protocol In WSNs

With the rapid development of informationization in modern society, the influence of information topeople is becoming more and more deeply, new practical information retrieval technology is urgent neededto build a bridge between people and the information. Researchers propose many kinds of informationcollection technology, wireless sensor network (WSN) was proposed in the background, it caused a hugeimpact on people’s lives, now it has been developed to a potential information acquisition technology.The sensor node is the physical basis of WSN, the node is very small, and usually deployed in themonitoring area densely, node has the ability to feel the change of the environment and collect it. theinformation will be handled by the processor of the sensor. If a particular area need to be monitored, sensornodes will be deployed in the region, the collaboration communication between each other through theradio way, and form a wireless self-organized network. Wireless sensor network has the advantage,such aslow cost, environment adaptable, powerful data processing ability, so it is widely used in military defense,industrial production control and testing, the natural environment perception, home automation, healthinspection and public security and other fields.In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the energy of node is severely limited, which restricts lifetimeof WSNs. so how to prolong the network life has been a research hot issue. In this paper, I first made a briefintroduction to the wireless sensor network, then introduced the structure of the wireless sensor networksystem and its design elements, narrated the application of wireless sensor currently. Then introduced someclassical routing protocols, studied their algorithm principle, compared their performance. I have done a lotof work on a variety of routing protocols and their improved algorithm, Based on these kinds of protocol,we propose a routing protocol that can adjust the bandwidth automatically. This agreement is applicable tothe event trigger type network environment, in this paper, I assumes that the base station is located in theedge of the monitoring area, The algorithm is divided into band area monitoring area, all nodes within thesame band are endowed with the same ID value, in the routing path construction process, nodes only chosethe node which is adjacent to it and close to the base station as the data transfer object. After a certainnumber data transmission, the network will adjust its band width according to the average residual energyin each band, increase the node number in the band which energy consumption is faster. The presentedmechanism can not only achieve this function but also decides whether nodes will transmit packets. We simulate the proposed mechanism by using MATLAB. Simulation results show that the mechanism canefficiently prolong the lifetime and keep load-balance of WSNS by adaptive bandwidth automatically.